Abstract:Antibacterial packaging plastic film is a kind of new packaging materials, which can resist to microbial erosion, improve food shelf life, has become a research hotspot. In this paper, the effects of antibacterial plastic film, film preparation method, antibacterial mechanism, nano-modification, antibact-erial agent modification, liquid food antibacterial and antibacterial packaging plastic film were reviewed and discussed. It is prospective to the application and research direction of antibacterial packaging plastic film.

Abstract:The controlled release technology of active compounds released from the active packaging films was reviewed. It was summarized mainly from three aspects, including the control technologies of the release rate for active compounds, its influence factors and release kinetic models. It was aimed to provide a reference for future research on the active packaging film.

Abstract:The management of raw materials for health foods is a key and difficult point in the registration and record-keeping management of health foods. The current situation of health food raw materials management was reviewed, and the problems existing in health food products in China was revealed. Moreover, some suggestions for improvement and further standardizing the registration and record-keeping of health food products were put forward.

Abstract:A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was used to detect anthocyanin extract from onion in 10 regions and the common peaks were identified. The Pearson Correlation Analysis and Grey Relation Aanlysis were used to analyze the correlation between its common peaks, content, antioxidant activity (the ability to scavenge DPPH, ABTS free radicals) and AChE inhibitory activitiy. Result: According to the characte-ristics of HPLC and relative retention time of different batches of onion anthocyanins, and the characteristic chromatograms of onion anthocyanins were established. The chromatograms of anthocyanin extract from onion in 10 different regions were similar to the control fingerprints, the similarities were 0.986 to 0.997, greater than 0.9. Six common peaks were identified as characteristic absorptions peaks, and the first peak was anthocyanin (Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside). PCA and GRA showed that the six commom peaks had a good correlation with the content, antioxidant and AChE inhibitory activites, and they aceted synwegistically on biological activity.

Abstract:By using the ham sausages currently sold in Chinese market as studying materials, upright light microscope and photography system were employed in treating the stained slices of ham sausages. Photographs observable by naked eyes were obtained and the pixels occupied by the stained area of proteins, fats and starches were measured respectively while their percentages accounted for the pixels of total observed area were subsequently calculated. Results analysis indicated that the percentage of the pixels which were occupied by the stained area of proteins, fats or starches accounted for the pixels of total observed area was positively correlated with their content in the ham sausage, respectively. While it also had positive linear correlation with the hedonic score of structure of ham sausages. Direct observation of photographs showed that the distribution of proteins, fats and starches in different grades of ham sausages was significantly different, respectively. Cluster analysis indicated that the percentage of the pixels which were occupied by the stained area of proteins and starches accounted for the pixels of total observed area as well as the hedonic score of structure of ham sausages well distinguished their categories. Therefore, microphotography is applicable to evaluation of quality of ham sausages.

Abstract:In order to clarify the relationship between moisture change and protein denaturation during pork roasting and its texture, the effects of different baking temperatures on the texture of pork mash were studied, combined with low field nuclear magnetic resonance and ATR-FTIR technology analyzes moisture changes and protein denaturation during baking. The results show that: (1) baking temperature has a significant effect on the shear strength and texture of pork, 65 ℃ is the key heat treatment temperature affecting pork tenderness. (2) Baking at 65 ℃, with the extension of heating, T₂₁ T₂₂ and T₂₃ were gradually shifted to the left, and A₂₂ was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). The secondary structure of pork protein α-helix and β-fold content was significantly decreased (P＜0.05), and β-turn and random curl were significantly increased (P＜0.05). (3) The non-flowable water, protein secondary structure and texture were significantly correlated (P＜0.01).

Abstract:To assess the anti-inflammatory function and possible molecular mechanism of rice bran polysaccharide (RBP), DSS-induced colitis model was used in ICR mice. Pathological changes and gene expression were analyzed by histopathological analysis, RT-qPCR and Western blotting among of different experiment groups. The results showed that 500 mg/kg/day RBP could significantly improve the health status of mice and reduced colonic inflammation. RBP reduced the disease active index (DAI) score of DSS-induced mice and alleviated the damage of pathological tissue, with the improvement of the inflammation-related biochemical indicators. qRT-PCR analysis showed that RBP could decrease the mRNA expression level of inflammatory factors, including TNFα, IL-1β, Cox-2 and iNOS in colon tissues. Western blotting analysis further confirmed the efficacy of RBP inhibiting the expression level of inflammatory factor protein. Moreover, RBP could also inhibit MAPK signaling pathway. The results suggested that RBP had anti-inflammatory effect, and its molecular mechanism might be related to down-regulating the expression of inflammatory factors via inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway.

Abstract:This study aimed to investigating the effects of the polyphenols from Areca seeds on young men’ s intestinal microbes in vitro through intermittent static anaerobic fermentation technology. The feces of 24 years healthy young men are taken as starter. The substrates of the control group (group C) and the experimental group (group P) with a purity of 74.09% were fermented in vitro at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h. pH value, polyphenol composition, short chain fatty acid (SCFAs) and microorganism index were measured by gas chromatography and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the polyphenols of the Areca-nut polyphenols had little effect on the change of pH in the intestinal microenvironment of young healthy men, but it reduced the content of SCFAs. In terms of intestinal flora, it could improve the species diversity level of its intestinal flora, reduce the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, and improve the relative abundance of Firmicutes. Among them, the largest increase is Faecalibacterium, while the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium was also slightly increased. The above results showed that betel nut polyphenols could change the structure of intestinal flora, but no similar health effects was found.

Abstract:We used 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS, 75 μm CAR/PDMS, 65 μm PDMS/DVB, 100 μm PDMS to enrich and concentrate aroma components of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice for improving the accuracy and reliability of analyzing the aroma components by gas chromatography and comparing the consequence and sensitivity of extracting the aroma components by different fiber coating extractors. The aroma components of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice were detected by GC-MS. We compared the quantity and content of aroma components by principal component analysis (PCA) and established the evaluation model of aroma quality. The results showed that: esters, alcohols, and terpenes were the main aroma components of Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice. There were significant differences in the compounds extracted by different extraction heads. Fifty-nine compounds were extracted by 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS with a relative content up to 93.96%. The contents of esters and alcohols were highest in aromatic materials. Thirty-eight compounds were extracted by 65 μm PDMS/DVB with a relative content of 91.19%; twenty-two compounds were extracted by 100 μm PDMS with a relative content of 92.79%; twenty-six compounds were extracted by 75 μm CAR/PDMS with a relative content of 92.08%. Among the four fiber coating extraction heads, 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS was the best extraction fiber for the aroma components of the Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice.

Abstract:Detected the volatile component by using head space-solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS) combined with chemometrics methods of Shannon Entropy, correlation coefficient, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) etc. for evaluating, distinguishing and looking for the common flavor between five south stinky tofu brines in China. Results showed that a total of 161 flavor components were detected, with 76, 37, 29, 74 and 35 of them being present in the stinky tofu brine of STB1, STB2, STB3, STB4 and STB5, respectively. The main flavor compounds in five south stinky tofu brines were acids, phenolics and heterocyclics, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, phenol, p-cresol, indole and 3-methylindole. The results inferred that the compounds may be the common flavor component as “stinky”, because of these were higher relative content in five south stinky tofu brines. Based on analysis of chemometrics, the principal component analysis chart can be effectively distinguished between five brands of brine. There some overlapping area between STB3 brine and STB5 brine, which can further infered that the raw material, and the ratio of two brands of brine have big similarity.

Abstract:Used moringa seed shell as adsorbent, investigated the effects of adsorption time, particle size, temperature, initial concentration of solution and pH on the adsorption of methylene blue. Datas were fitted by adsorption isotherm model and kinetic model. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that under the condition of adding 10 g/L of moringa seed shell, the optimum adsorption conditions were adsorption time 1.5 h, particle size ＞80 mesh, temperature 25 ℃, methylene blue solution concentration 200 mg/L and pH＞5. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The maximum theoretical saturated adsorption capacity was 94.25 mg/g. The adsorption process was a common result of physical adsorption and chemisorption, and mainly by physical adsorption.

Abstract:In order to study the relationship between Maillard reaction products and antioxidant activity of Camellia oleifera seed oil, determined the Camellia seed oil treated with different heating time and temperature before and after heating was used to determine its oxidation stability time, moisture, browning degree and color value, and the content and oxidation resistance of Maillard reaction products. The results showed that the oxidation stability time of pressed Camellia seed oil after heating first increased and then stabilized. In the early stage of heating (20 min), the oxidation stability time increased most significantly. It increased by 2.10, 4.46, 4.93, 5.20 and 6.17 times, respectively, when heating at 20 min, the oxidation stability time at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 degrees. As the heating time was extended, the moisture in the Camellia oleifera seed oil tended to decrease. The Maillard reaction product in Camellia oleifera L. was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. It was found that no hydroxymethylfurfural was detected in the Camellia oleifera seed oil before and after heating. With the prolongation of heating time, the content of pyruvic aldehyde increased first and then decreased. The content at 150 ℃ is up to 0.76 μg/g when heated to 20 min, which is 3.35 times before heating. 3-Deoxyosesuose and glyoxal were detected in Camellia oleifera seed oil at 150 ℃ for 60 min, and the contents were 1.114 and 7.030 μg/g, respectively. Camellia seed oil heated at 150 ℃ for 60 min produced the most Maillard reaction products and has significant antioxidant capacity, DPPH. Free radical scavenging rate was 95.27%; antioxidant activity coefficient was 64.17%. It is preliminarily understood that the antioxidant capacity of Camellia seed oil increases after Maillard reaction. It is concluded that the anti-oxidation product of Camellia seed oil in Maillard reaction may be glyoxal, 3-deoxy sucrose and acetone aldehyde.

Abstract:Among cereal proteins, rice proteins are hypoallergenic, rich in essential amino acids and easily digestible etc. While their lower solubilities under neutral conditions limit their applications in food industry. In present study, the physicochemical and structural properties of rice glutelin at different pH values (pH 3.0, 4.0 and 7.0) were characterized to explore the optimum pH value to dissolve rice protein and expand its application range. The results showed that, compared to the neutral condition, the solubility and structural properties of rice glutelin were changed significantly under the acidic conditions. The protein solubility was only (6.24±1.25)% at pH 7.0, for under neutral condition, protein molecules linked together to form huge molecular aggregates. However, under acidic conditions, protein molecules dissociated and intermolecular disulfide bonds ruptured gradually. Therefore, the protein solubility increased under the acidic condition, and it reached (72.47±2.36)% at pH 3.0.

Abstract:Detected the protein content and amino acid content of walnut kernels collected from 17 producing areas in Yunnan, and the amino acid model and nutritional value were comprehensively investigated by amino acid classification, amino acid ratio coefficient method and cluster analysis method. The conclusion indicated that the walnuts derived from each of the various regions were all rich in 17 amino acids (tryptophan was not detected), and the total amount of amino acids was 3.35% to 5.14%, the essential amino acid content was 1.13% to 1.76%, the medicinal amino acid content was 67.47% to 68.63% of the total amino acids, the taste amino acid content was 36.86% to 40.63% of the total amino acid content. The essential amino acids in the amino acid model of the tested walnut kernels were not balanced, and the first limiting amino acid was lysine. The Ratio Coefficient Score (SRC) of walnut kernel was 61.48 to 69.54, and its nutritional value was relatively better. According to the cluster analysis results, the quality of the walnut kernels originating from the Niangqing（Yangbi）, Ludian Hemp 1 (Zhaotong), Ningxiang (Changning), Xunuo 1 (Xundian) and Qingfeng 3 (Zhaoren 5) origins were the best among the 17 walnut kernels in Yunnan.

Abstract:Based on quenching effect of ochratoxin A on chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of luminol-NaIO4 system catalyzing by Tween 20, a novel flow-injection chemiluminescence method was developed for the rapid on-line determination of possible sudden pollution of ochratoxin A in drinking water. Under the optimum conditions of response surface experiment, the linear range for ochratoxin A was 0.006～1.000 μg/mL with a detection limit of 1.74×10^-3 μg/mL and recovery of 80.6%～92.4%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.68% by analyzing samples containing 0.02 μg/mL ochratoxin A (n=11). This method was founs convenient to operate, and couls be applied to the rapid emergency warning and real-time monitoring of ochratoxin A in drinking water.

Abstract:The study combines the reaction of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) with reduce discoloration and high-performance thin layer chromatography to establish a new method for the determination of rutin in healthcare products by HPTLC-DPPH. The effects of DPPH color reaction time, mobile phase, and optical density scanning parameters on chromatographic separation and densitometric results are investigated as well as recovery and precision of the method. The standard addition recovery rate of the method is 82%~97%, and the precision RSD is <10%. It was demonstrated that the method is able to circumvent the interferences from sample matrices with a simplified sample pretreatment. Therefore, the method is suitable for rapid detection of rutin in healthcare products.

Abstract:A universality recognition to gene and gene modification was mentioned and a concept of “partial gene” etc was proposed according to the practice of gene operations in these years. The opinions and their bases at the two sides of GMF safety argument was screened and teased out entirely. Based on the datum in CNKI and Web of Science, It was discovered that the experimental theses were very few, which can not support this argument at all. Some urgent problems were discussed logically and it has been pointed out that mankind would eat GMF inescapablely while improving and restricting in the future 100-200 years as the big data or a safety impression would being obtained.

Abstract:Under the background of the popularization of the network and the rapid development of the logistics industry, due to the imperfection of the current food governance legal system and the lack of the governance ability, the criminal problems in the field of food safety have become increasingly prominent. That is, the traditional means of crime and the new means of crime intertwined, the network and logistics crime converged, the victimized area was expanding and the variety of crime involved was diversified, the reason was that the subject of criminal supervision in the field of network food safety was not clear. The cost of online business crime is low, the responsibility of third party platform is not clear, and the evidence of crime in the field of food safety is difficult to obtain.Therefor, it needs to be regulated from the aspects of increasing the object of adjustment of food safety crime, increasing the application of property penalty and qualification penalty, strengthening the cooperation and crack-down of various departments, and promoting the close coopera-tion between criminal punishment and administrative punishment.

Abstract:Studied the effect on micronization of cellulose in 20 kHz ultrasonic crushing sound field conditions. It was determined and selected the geometric parameters of the ultrasonic resonant reactor for cavitation crushing field by using the analysis of sound propagation in a cylindrical pipe. Combining with the acoustic modal analysis, the height of liquid level foe resonant reactor was obtained, which could enhanced acoustic energy density distribution. Used the finite element method to analyze the acoustic field of ultrasonic material crushing cavitation. Finally, The ultrasonic crushing experiments were conducted with the resonant reactor liquid level and the non-resonant reactor liquid level by different power conditions. Results, the acoustic energy density distribution in the sound field of the crushing cavitation, under the condition of resonant reactor liquid level, was closely related to the acoustic mode. The acoustic energy density was significantly enhanced, the distribution of cavitation was expanded, and the cavitation crush effect was obviously enhanced. The results of cellulose sonication experiments showed that, under the condition of low power (＜140 W) and short processing time (＜7 min), the average size of D_\[3,2\] and D_\[4,3\] of cellulose treated by ultrasound in the resonant reactor liquid level was significantly reduced. However, with the increase of ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power, the acoustic flow would enhanced inside the cavity, and cavitation effect caused by the ultrasonic field almost no longer follows the linear sound field characteristics, the crush energy distribution in the resonant structure was disturbed by the nonlinear acoustic flow, which was similar to the energy distribution characteristics of the non-resonant ultrasonic field. As for the particle size difference of materials under the same treatment condition, although it was significantly narrowed, the resonant sound field still had a good crushing effect.

Abstract:Two kinds of tooth type pulverizing cutter heads are designed based on the principle of superfine pulverization technology, and two kinds of pulverizing knives are analyzed using Fluent simulation software at the speeds of 6 000 r/min, 9 000 r/min and 12 000 r/min. The variation of pressure and speed inside the head was studied. Then the pulverization effect of the two cutter heads was verified by the material pulverization experiment. At the same time, the energy consumption of the two cutter heads was compared and analyzed. Results: The central structure was a four-blade blade tooth-crushing cutter head. The time spent smashing 50 g of soybean was about 2 min. The average particle size of soybean after pulverization is about 4 μm, and the energy consumption ratio was consumed. The center structure had less tip consumption for the three impellers. The energy consumption for crushing for 5 min at 6 000 r/min, 9 000 r/min, 12 000 r/min were approximately 0.007 25 kW·h, 0.022 49 kW·h, 0.059 43. kW·h, respectively, which had good practical application significance.

Abstract:The flow field in large threonine fermentor as the research object, by using Fluent software, combining the parameters of threonine fermentation process, and the method of computational fluid dynamics with Multiple Reference Frame and Eulerian multiphase flow model was used to the simulation of single-phase flow and gas-liquid two-phase flow in the mixing process of four stage impeller assembly in fermentor. Distribution of fluid field、power of impeller and volume fraction of gas-phase were also analyzed. The results show that the power of submerged impeller was not affected by the increase of liquid level, and the increase of density in the fermentation process would lead to an increase in the power of the impeller and the two factors are approximately proportional. Moreover the total power of the propeller decreased by 20.9% after aeration, the average volume fraction of gas was stable at about 21.4%.

Abstract:In order to study the changing rule of static compressive shell breaking force of rubber fruit under different conditions, the rubber fruit was subjected to the static compression test of the shear force, stabbing force and extrusion force in the loading direction of X, Y and Z respectively. The mechanical model of rubber fruit was established by using finite element method to study the stress and strain and damage law of rubber fruit under compressive load. The test results showed that the relationship between the shell breaking force of the rubber fruit under shear force, stabbing force and extrusion force was extrusion force > shear force > stabbing force. The preferred direction of the rubber fruit was the Y direction, and the extrusion and shelling breaking forces of the Class I, II, and III rubber fruits in the test were 0.548 0 kN, 0.564 5 kN, and 0.715 1 kN, respectively. The shell breaking force increased with the increase of rubber fruit size. The finite element analysis showed that the best loading direction was the Y direction, which was the same as the test result.

Abstract:In view of the current unsatisfactory processing performance of existing banana stalk fiber extraction machine， by drawing on the design principle of manual razor, design a two-layer asymptotic blade structure to optimize its performance. A comparison test was made between the improved blade and the ordinary L-shaped blade. The results showed that the fiber extraction rate increased from 14.50% to 16.03%, and the fiber content decreased from 14.21% to 9.85%. The processing efficiency was more stable when multiple pieces of stalks were stacked.

Abstract:The object of this study was to in vitro evaluate the effect of extracellular products of P. fluorescens, A. hydrophila and A. sobria on the growth and metabolism of S. putrefaciens at low temperature. The extracellular products of these three strains were mixed with sterilized brain heart infusion broth (BHI), and S. putrefaciens were inoculated into the mixed culture, and the quality indicators including microbiological, extracellular protease, biofilm, TVB-N, amino acid and putrescine changed during 12 days at 4 ℃. The results showed that extracellular products of P. fluorescens, A. hydrophila and A. sobria had little effect on the lag phase and exponential phase of S. putrefaciens, but extracellular products of A. sobria could inhibit the growth of S. putrefaciens during the stationary phase. In addition, compared to the extracellular products of P. fluorescens and A. hydrophila, the extracellular products of A. sobria had the strongest inhibitory effect on the biofilm and extracellular protease formation and spoilage potential of S. putrefaciens.

Abstract:In order to study the change of volatile compounds in baby ginger during sandy soil storage, the baby ginger were stored at proper temperature after selection, classification and sterilization treatment. Solid phasemicroextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) was used to measure the volatile compounds of baby ginger in different storage time. There were totally 77 volatiles compounds in baby ginger including hydrocarbons (47), alcohols (16), ketones (1), aldehydes (4), ethers (9).Among all these volatiles compounds, the contents of hydrocarbon and aldehyde were significantly increased at 30 days of storage (P<0.05). There were nine volatile components content, L-za-pinene, camphene, 2, 6-octadiene, 2, 6-dimethyl, reverse-yl-acycloacene, bergamene, 2-zitol, citronella, citronella, and citral,increased significantly with the extension of storage time in baby ginger, the contents of these substances at the time of 30 days, were 5.09, 7.89, 6.73, 10.48, 153.75, 11.11, 8.21, 11.73, 24.96 and 14.65 times respectively.

Abstract:In order to master the changing regulations of oxygen volume fraction in the controlled atmosphere transportation compartments, the air infiltration characteristics caused by the thermal pressure and wind pressure were analyzed, and then the influences of air infiltration to the oxygen volume fraction was researched, and the verification experiment was also carried out. The results shown that the theoretical value and experimental value of oxygen volume fraction in the compartment were basically identical, which indicated that the model of air infiltration model was accurate. Air infiltration was mainly caused by wind pressure, and the air infiltration volume was very small when thermal pressure functioned independently. When the vehicle speed is bigger, the the influence of thermal pressure to the total air infiltration volume is smaller. The oxygen volume fraction was increased slowly when the vehicle was parked, and the oxygen volume fraction increased rapidly in the transport. Whats more, the more the air infiltration and loading rate, the faster the oxygen volume fraction increasing. This research provided a reference for optimizing the equipments of controlled atmosphere transportation.

Abstract:Ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extraction after heating was used to extract polyphenols from corn silk. On the basis of single factor test, the response surface optimization test was carried out on polyphenols by ultrasonic-assisted ethanol extractions, and the antioxidant activity of the extracted polyphenols was studied. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: the ratio of solid to liquid 122 (g/mL), the volume fraction of ethanol 60%, the ultrasonic time 32 min, and the ultrasonic temperature 60 ℃，the extraction rate of the polyphenol from corn silk was (6.49 ± 0.23)%. The scavenging rates of DPPH，hydroxyl and ABTS free radicals by corn silk polyphenols were equivalent to the reduced glutathione, which were detected to be 0.917, 0.809, 0.881 mg /mg, respectively.

Abstract:Bee Pollen Soluble Dietary Fiber (BPSDF) was extracted from Lotus bee pollen by cellulase enzymatic extraction, acid solution extraction and alkali solution extraction. The effects of three extraction methods on the polyphenols contents and the growth of harmful bacteria and beneficial bacteria were studied.The results showed that the polyphenols in BPSDF were mainly in free form. The contents of free polyphenols in BPSDF were 81.16%, 80.34% and 69.59% respectively by cellulase enzymatic extraction, acid solution extraction and alkali solution extraction. The contents of free phenol and total polyphenols in BPSDF were relatively higher by cellulase enzymatic extraction,and the content of the binding polyphenols in BPSDF was relatively higher by alkaline solution extraction. The contents of free polyphenols, binding polyphenols and total polyphenols in BPSDF were significantly different with different extraction methods, but the effects on the constituents of free polyphenols and binding polyphenols in BPSDF were less. BPSDF by three extraction methods has good inhibitory effects on E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida sporogenes respectively,and BPSDF by cellulase enzymatic extraction has the better inhibitory effect.BPSDF by three extraction methods has certain promoting effects on Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus acidophilus.The inhibition effects of BPSDF on the tested harmful bacteria were better than that of the tested beneficial bacteria.

Abstract:In this study, the crude rapeseed peptide was used as the research object. After treatment with powdered activated carbon, peptide solution was adsorbed onto DA201-C macroporous adsorption resin and then desorbed by ethanol to obtain rapeseed refined peptides (RP75). The basic composition, antithrombotic activity, anti-inflammatory activity and amino acid composition of rapeseed refined peptides (RP75) were also analyzed. The results showed that the optimum process for the refining of the DA201-C macroporous adsorption resin were peptide concentration 30 mg/mL, flow rate 3 BV/h, pH 4.5 and desorption concentration of the ethanol 75%. Peptide content was 74.94%, no glucosinolate or phytic acid was detected in RP75. On the other hand, RP75 contained rich amino acids and exhibited excellent bioactivities including anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory activities with IC₅₀ values of 8.82 mg/mL and 0.80 mg/mL. These results indicated that RP75 could be used as a potential health promoting ingredient with functional activity.

Abstract:The present study aimed to optimize the process parameters for the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS)-ultrasonic extraction technology of polyphenols from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz grown in Qimen (Qi Baizhu). The effects of polyphenols from Qi Baizhu (QBP) on antioxidant and antibacterial activities were explored. The results showed that the optimal process conditions were as follows: SDS concentration 0.47%, extraction temperature 48 ℃, ultrasonic power 150 W, ethanol concentration 64%, extraction time 15 min, and solid-liquid ratio 125 （g/mL）. Under these conditions, the content of QBP was (38.53±0.51) mg/g. QBP exhibited strong DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging capacities with IC₅₀ values of 0.056, 0.050 mg/mL, respectively. QBP also exerted the inhibition effects on four common bacterial strains. There was a good linear dependence between the antibacterial capacity and the concentration. Its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was 0.25 mg/mL, while the MIC against B. subtilis was 0.50 mg/mL.

Abstract:In order to study the content of non-fat active components and the antibacterial effect of oil-tea camellia oil. The changes of vitamin E, polyphenols, Camellia saponins phytosterols and flavone content in Camellia oil and the effect of its bacteriostasis from 5 different processing technologies, cold pressing, hot pressing, leaching, supercritical CO₂ extraction and water enzyme method were studied.. The content of vitamin E and Camellia saponin extracted by cold pressing technology was the highest, reaching 786.3 mg/kg and 3 789.0 mg/kg respectively; The phytosterol content of hot pressed oil was the highest, reaching 3 962 mg/kg; The content of polyphenols in supercritical CO₂ extraction was the highest, reaching 21.32 mg/kg；The content of flavonoids in the leach oil was the highest, reaching 38.9 mg/kg. The inhibitory rates of cold pressed oil to four common bacteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, reached respectively 95.9%, 92.2%, 95.2%, 94.6%, showing quite strong fungista-tic activities on bacteria. The Camellia oil produced by the cold pressing process of the 5 kinds of preparation process was the best from the content of antibacterial active components and the bacteriostasis, and the crude oil produced by the hot pressing process was the second. It provided a reference for the application of Camellia oil in infant skin care and other antibacterial efficacy cosmetics.

Abstract:The effects of adding different content of maize starch on the cooking, texture and sensory quality of fresh rice noodles (FRN) were studied. The results showed that the addition of maize starch increased the broken rate and cooking loss of FRN, and when added amount was 15%～60%, which was significantly higher than 3%～5% (P＜0.05), without influences on its flavor. 3% to 5% of maize starch could significantly increase the water absorption of FRN (P＜0.05), and the whiteness value also increased, with the higher sensory evaluation score; 15%～60% of maize starch could increase the hardness of the FRN and other indicators, but the broken rate and other quality indicators had a tendency to deteriorate. Therefore, it was more suitable to add 3% to 5% of corn starch, and this made it shown the similar quality of pure indica rice noodles and could reduce the cost.

Abstract:In order to study the effect of the amount of oats on the quality of potato composite noodles, potato and wheat flour were used as main raw materials. Using texture analyzers, scanning electron microscopy and other technical means, supplemented by statistical methods such as principal component analysis and fuzzy mathematics, comprehensive examination of texture characteristics, microstructure, drying characteristics and sensory characteristics of composite noodles. The results showed that with the increase of the content of oat flour, the masticatory factor, viscoelastic factor and hardness factor of the main texture components decreased first and then increased. The structure density, porosity and effective moisture diffusion coefficient also showed a tendency of decreasing first and then increasing, and the drying characteristics of composite noodles became worse. When the content of oat flour was 10, it had the highest chewability, viscoelasticity and hardness, compact structure and large effective water diffusion coefficient, and the sensory evaluation (color, appearance, mouthfeel and palatability) of the composite noodle was the best.

Abstract:The aim of this experiment is to optimize the spray drying yield of egg liquid. The yield of whole egg powder and the function indexes of protein content, fat content, phospholipid content and water content of egg powder were obtained by orthogonal test under different processing parameters. The Mathematical model was established by Matlab software, which associated the processing parameters with the egg powder yield, protein content and water content. The mathematical models were optimized with the core index of protein yield. The optimum processing conditions for spray drying were: the inlet air temperature 180 ℃, the egg liquid concentration 0.25 g/mL, the feed rate 7.4 g/min, and the airflow rate 10 L/min. Under the optimized conditions, the yield of whole egg powder reached 78.64%. The contents of protein, water, fat and phospholipid in the whole egg powder were 40.28%, 1.71%, 54.53% and 7.16%, respectively.

Abstract:In this study, egg albumin was used to study the functional properties and structural changes of its relative powder under the optimal spray drying conditions. Taking powder yield rate as index, the optimum process conditions of spray drying were made of the de-sugaring time of 32 h, the feed liquid speed of 466 mL/h, the egg white liquid mass concentration of 29%, the inlet temperature of 140 ℃ and the outlet temperature of 65 ℃. Under this condition, the powder yield rate was 16.17%. The effect of spray drying on the functional properties of egg albumin, such as solubility, emulsifying property, foaming property, foaming stability, moisture content and color difference, were studied, with the vacuum-freeze drying as control. The results showed that no significant difference in solubility, emulsification, foaming ability, foam stability and moisture content was found between the spray-dried protein and the vacuum freeze-dried protein (P＞0.05). Moreover, the spray-dried protein had higher brightness, lower redness and yellowness, and maintained good color quality. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis showed that the spray-dried protein was red-shifted at the amide I band, resulting in the C═O stretching oscillation of the amide I band. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the surface of spray-dried protein was a spherical shape with different sizes, small particles and irregular shape, while the surface of vacuum freeze-dried protein presented a smooth lamellar structure.

Abstract:The compound powder of walnut meal and jujube was prepared by spray drying and vacuum freezing drying with walnut meal and jujube as raw materials. Investigated the powder yield, moisture content, protein content, bulk density, fluidity, solubility, color difference value, microstructure, simulated digestion of protein in vitro and thermal stability. The results showed that the powder yield of vacuum freeze-drying was significantly higher than that of spray drying, but the time was longer, the moisture content and bulk density were higher than spray drying, and the rest angle was lower than spray drying. It shows that vacuum freeze-drying of compound powder was not easy to store and had poor solubility, but had good fluidity. The compound powder obtained by spray drying is brighter in color. There was no significant difference in the thermal stability of the two powders, but on the whole, the value of protein nutrition was higher. The surface microstructure of the two kinds of composite powders was observed. The results showed that the spray drying composite powder was spherical, which was beneficial to the contact between particles and water. The vacuum freeze-drying composite powder is irregular in shape, and there is adhesive between particles, which is not conducive to the contact between particles and water.

Abstract:30 samples of cigarettes, in price of 200~300 yuan, were selected from the domestic market for the study. The volatile aroma substances were determined by simultaneous distillation extraction, and its sensory quality was evaluated. According to the analysis of basic correlation, stepwise regression analysis and principal component, the correlation between the indicators was analyzed statistically. The results showed that the total aroma content of cigarettes in different cigarettes, various flavoring substances and sensory evaluation were with normal distribution. Among the different kinds of cigarettes, a correla-tion between tobacco aroma constituents and the sensory quality was found. Among them, the cigarettes aroma and miscellaneous gas and the total aroma substances containing in tobacco and most of the scent material were significantly positive correlation. The two predictive model equations of aroma and harmony were obtained, and the significant test was achieved. The main influence factors were neophytadiene, ketones, aldehydes, phenols and total aromal level, which was the main factor of sensory quality.

Abstract:This study reviewed the sources and biological functions of polymethoxy flavones, and discussed the existing problems in the current research.

Abstract:Aquatic products is easily deteriorated，and microorganism is the main factor that leads to the deterioration. Predictive microbiology can predict the growth of spoilage organisms in aquatic products by building mathematical models, which help us predict the shelf-life of aquatic products. This paper briefly describes the meaning of predictive microbiology primary model, secondary model and tertiary model, enumerates the applications of predictive microbiology in shelf-life, and discuss the problems of predictive microbiology in the shelf-life prediction, and its application prospect is also proposed.

Abstract:Neonicotine-pyrethroid mixed pesticides are a new type of compound insecticides which have higher activities, broader insecticidal spectrum and longer duration compared with the single-does of λ-cyhalothrin and imidacloprid. They can effectively reduce pesticide residues in agricultural products and lower the harm to human health. Residue analysis methods of neonicotine and pyrethroid pesticides on fruits and vegetables have been studied, but because of the difference of physical and chemical properties of the two pesticides, the detection methods are different. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a rapid screening method for residues of nicotine-pyrethroid pesticides. In this study, imidacloprid and λ-cyhalothrin were taken as representatives to study residues and detection technology of neonicotine-pyrethroid mixed pesticides in fruits and vegetables. Moreover, the application of imidacloprid and λ-cyhalothrin by using QuEChERS-GC/LC-MS was emphasized.

Abstract:This paper reviewed the applications of the spectral technologies, including the adulteration detection, nutrients detection，antibiotics detection, microbial contamination detection and product types identification in dairy and dairy products. Using Near-infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Hyperspectral imaging technique, the important applications and research advances of the quality detection and safety assessments in dairy and dairy products have been also reviewed. It was pointed out that the joint application of various technologies is the trend of future research.