Abstract:In this study, caffeic and ferulic acids were used to test the effect on acrylamide formation and elimination in model reaction systems. In asparagine/glucose reaction system, addition of caffeic and ferulic acid at the concentration of 25 mmol/L and 250 mmol/L inhibited acrylamide formation. However, they increased acrylamide formation below 2.5 mmol/L. It was found that both of phenolic acids increased acrylamide elimination when ferulic acid or caffeic acid were heated with acrylamide, but the effect is not obvious, so effect of caffeic acid and ferulic acid influenced on acrylamide content in Maillard reaction system mainly influence on acrylamide formation stage. Otherwise, The acrylamide elimination of quinone type of phenolic acid is higher than phenol type in the acidic condition while phenol type is higher in neutrallty condition.

Abstract:This study aimed at the effects of purple sweet potato powder (PSP) with different amounts (namely null, 5%, 10%,15% and 20%) on the rheological properties and pasting properties of dough tested by farinograph, extensograph, and rapid viscosity analyzer. The results showed that addition of PSP significantly influenced the properties of a dough. With the increase of PSP, the rheological properties and gelatinization properties of the dough were improved, which means PSP could lessen the gluten thews and inhibit the gelatinization and expansion process of wheat dough. However, the PSP could rise the bibulous rates, and reduce retrogradation value, which could improve the storage property of the bread. When the addition of PSP was more than 10%, the dough stability time was less than 7 min, and the index of each tensile property decreased faster, which is unsuitable for bread making.Meanwhile, the tensile curve shows fermentation time of the dough was 90 min. The addition of 5% PSP does not cause any significant difference between setback value and blank, though it triggers off a significant increase in viscosity, which could not obviously improve the storage time of the product. In conclusion, it was suitable for bread making when the addition amount of PSP was 5%～10%.

Abstract:Olive pomace IDF were physical modified by high pressure homogenization (HPH) and colloid mill (CM) in this study. Moreover, the micromorphology, particle size distribution, functional groups, crystal structure and physico-chemical properties of IDF before and after the modification were analyzed. HPH group had looser morphology, more cavities and cracks, average particle size of 66.97 μm. CM group had looser morphology, more fracture, average particle size of 79.52 μm. HPH and CM modification didn’t affect IDF’s functional groups, crystal structure or crystallinity. HPH and CM groups similarly appeared characteristics absorption peaks of sugars similarly, both had celluloseⅠcrystal structure. Compared with unmodified IDF, the water holding capacity，swelling capacity and oil holding capacity of HPH group were increased by 31.70%, 78.87% and 38.92%; the Cd²⁺ adsorption capacity were increased by 7.53%; however, the NO^-₂ adsorption capacity showed no increase. Additionally, the water holding and swelling capacities, and oil holding capacity of CM group were increased by 19.93%, 47.94% and 3297%, and the NO^-₂ adsorption capacity were increased by 820%; however, the Cd²⁺ adsorption capacity didn’t increase.

Abstract:The indica starch pregelatinized by microwave as raw material, the effect of ultrasonic auxiliary-dual enzyme method and seed induced-dual enzyme method on the structure and physicochemical properties of indica rice resistant starch of type RS₃ were researched in this study. The results showed that the structure of the raw starch was polyhedron, the edge of the surface was distinct, the crystal form was type A, and the crystallinity was only 8.9%. While the structure of RS₃ were made by ultrasonic auxiliary-dual enzyme method and seed induced-dual enzyme method became rough and uneven, the solubility, swelling degree and water holding capacity were decreased, the crystal forms were dense and stable type B or type B+V, and the highest crystallinity was 20.10%. There was no new functional group was formed during the formation process of RS₃ and their chemical structure has not changed. The enzyme addition sequence showed that pullulanase was added before isoamylase better to promote starch crystal formation of ordered structure.

Abstract:In this paper, the brand of faint-scent cigarette was as the object. Firstly, the blank, cigarette added fragrances and end product cigarette were conducted sensory evaluation, respectively. The results showed that the cigarette added fragrances has a significantly increase in all aspects, approaching the end product cigarette. However, there is some defectiveness in faint-scent, potpourri and sweet and sour properties. Secondly, the analysis of volatile compounds of tobaccos from added fragrances and end product cigarettes were analyzed by GC-MS. And the results showed that 27 compositions were not detected in cigarettes added fragrances and most of these ingredients have floral and sweet aroma. On this basis, the faint-scent characteristics were strengthened and modified through the fragrance technology and the result of electronic nose analysis showed that the modified tobacco group was similar to the end product cigarette.

Abstract:In order to improve the efficient secretion of intracellular product in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, wild diploid Y₁ (2n) were mutagenized with UV treatment as original strain. To further identify, the degree of autolysis of each mutant strain was contrasted in low permeability condition by the test of its content of FDP, extra-cellular nucleic acids and proteins. The results showed: Hs₅*（n）showed the highest degree of conditional autolysis in low permeability condition, the concentration of FDP in extracellular environment was 25.81 μg/mL. At the sixth hour in low permeability, its penetration rate of nucleic acid and protein in extracellular environment were 1.86 and 2.07, respectively. In addition, mutant strain Hs₂*（n）, Hs₁（2n）also had a great extent of conditional autolysis capacity. These three low-permeability mutant strains obtained in this study possessed greater efficiency of intracellular product secretion contrast with wild strain.

Abstract:In the present study, the method of tissue culturing was used to isolate the endophytic fungi from healthy ginkgo roots and stems. After repeated separation and purification, 116 Ginkgo endophytes were isolated. Metabolites of these fungi were preliminarily analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and a ginkgolide producing endophyte strain was finally screened out. The production of ginkgolides by this strain was more than 11.4 mg/L. The endophytic fungi strain was identified as Mucor spp. by morphology characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and It was the first report in the ginkgolides producing endophytic fungus from Ginkgo biloba.

Abstract:Extractions of flavonoid compounds in onion with ethanol, using the optimization factors of single factor and orthogonal design experiments, the flavonoids extraction rate of onion peel was 21.58%. The effect of quercetin on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was best by separating the flavonoids from the liquid phase and acting on the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The expression of fat differentiation related gene FASmRNA was measured in 3T3-L1 adipocytes induced by flavonoid monomers of onion skin for eighth days. The results showed that the relative expression of FAS in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes induced by mRNA in quercetin group was significantly lower than that in control group after 8D.

Abstract:The volatile components in Anhua and other dark teas were analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF MS). About 41 volatile compounds were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. A classification model and predict the authenticity obtained from variance analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLSDA). In addition, the 26 compounds significant impacting on the classification were screened out from Anhua dark tea. The straight forward classification trend of Anhua dark tea and other samples was visualized through projection score plots obtained by PCA. Effective classification and identification of Anhua dark tea, other origin dark tea and other kinds were carried out. The 14 important components for classification were found. The results showed that the developed GC-TOF MS method combined with chemometrics based on the volatile components in tea could be used to discriminate Anhua dark tea.

Abstract:An Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole/Electrostatic Field Orbitrap High-resolution Mass Spectrometry method （UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS）has been developed for the determinations of the drug residues of 21 SAs and 12 QNs in aquatic products.The sample was extracted by acetonitrile, cleaned up by acetonitrile saturated normal hexane and quantified in internal standard method.The results showed that 33 products presented a good linear relation in the range of 0.1～100 ng/mL. r²＞0.996. The limits for qualitative detection was 2 μg/kg. The average recoveries at three spike levels ranged were 54.3%～120.4%, with RSDs ranging 1.7%～11.9%. The developed method was easy operation high sensitivity, which can meet the requirements of daily inspection.

Abstract:Rice with cadmium content of 0.977 8 mg/kg was studied as the main material, its cadmium removal rate was regard as the basic measuring index. The process parameters of reducing techniques for cadmium-tainted rice were optimized by single factor test and Box-behnken response surface design. The investigation were focused on the effects of temperature, time, mesh number of rice, solid-liquid ratio, and inoculation amount. The optimal parameters were found as follows: mesh number of rice 40, inoculation amount 3, solid-liquid ratio 15, treated at 37 ℃ for 21 h. Under this optimum conditions, the cadmium removal rate was 89.98%, which was similar to the predicted value of 89.736 2%.

Abstract:The possible uncertainties in the determination of No.6 solvent residual in vegetable oil by headspace gas chromatography and ultrsonic vibration-headspace gas chromatography were analyzed and evaluated. According to Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (JJF 1059.1—2012) and Guidance on Evaluating the Uncertainty in Chemical Analysis (CNAS-GL06), a mathematical model of uncertainty was established. To quantify each component, the results showed that the key influence factor of uncertainty of test was the pretreatment of samples and its standard curve.

Abstract:The dynamic model of the servo system of the high speed and double side labeling machine for the whole automatic jelly food production was established. The equivalent moment of inertia and the equivalent stiffness of the servo system were obtained. The transfer function and the main vibration frequency of the servo system were obtained by means of the dynamic equation of the servo system. Through the root locus diagram and system vibration stability curve, the measures and methods were gotten to avoid or reduce the vibration principle to improve transmission system stiffness and cut work mechanism inertia and inertial components, loss of momentum or increasing damping, which can weaken the intensity of resonance. Using the correction network and integrated labeling film velocity feedback could also weaken the resonant.

Abstract:In order to reduce the influence on the appearance and quality of production on the pecan kernel pouch packaging machine, caused by bag film deviation, we proposed an intelligent control scheme based on fuzzy control. Firstly, the reasons of bag film deviation and the rectification feasibility in the working process of the film-drawing mechanism was analyzed. Furthermore, a model of deviation correction control was designed to detect the offset of the bag film by using the CCD sensor, and the fuzzy control rules were established to adjust the film-drawing velocity and the deviation angle of correcting rod in real time. This could ensure the bag film offset always within the required range. The improved DF-50B2 powder automatic packing machine was used as the test platform to rectify the deviation. In addition, the output effect of fuzzy control system was tested by LabVIEW software. The experimental results showed that the control system had a preferable rectifying effect. When the drawing speed was set at 80 mm/s, the maximum rectification precision of fuzzy control was 0.52 mm, and the packaging weight had no obvious influence on the rectify deviation effect, the film offset increasing with the film-drawing velocity. The control system could accelerate the packaging speed on the premise of ensuring the product’s quality requirements, which also improved the efficiency of packaging machine.

Abstract:High speed variable pitch timing screw is an important foundation component of feeding system in packaging machinery. It is the throat of the whole equipment. In this paper, the artificial bee colony algorithm is employed to optimize the structure parameters of the screw, providing a basis for the design of maximum number of circles. The high speed variable pitch timing screw optimization model takes the minimum total length of the variable pitch screw helix as the optimization goal, with maximum number of helix circles as design variables, the plugging effect on the packaging container is kept, as well as the rate of acceleration change is no more than the predetermined value as the constraint conditions. The results show that the maximum numbers of helix circles obtained by artificial bee colony algorithm can effectively reduce the total length of variable pitch timing screw. It is useful for the reasonable selection of high speed variable pitch timing screw structure parameters.

Abstract:Mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) system has been more and more popular because of its good energy-saving effect and small footprint, but how to make the stability and energy-saving of whole MVR evaporation system are better still need to further research on its performance. With the help of Aspen Plus software version, the MVR performance analysis model was set according to the operation principle of MVR to study the relationship between the amount of evaporation, the amount of fresh steam and feed temperature, evaporation pressure, and the relationship between evaporation and boiling temperature and feed concentration (NaCl mass fraction) and evaporation pressure, the relationship between heat transfer rate of evaporator, COP and evaporation pressure, pressure increase of compressor by changing the parameters of MVR node. Make conclusions by analyzing the simulation results: the COP can be improved by reducing the compression ratio properly; the feed should be heated to the boiling point temperature and then into the evaporator for heat transfer; MVR evaporation system is more suitable for operation at low temperature and low pressure from the view of energy saving; the feed with high concentration should be dilute before evaporation.

Abstract:In order to improve the detection efficiency of egg quality on-line detection mechanism, and reduce eggshell breakage rate in the detection because of mechanical vibration generated, the modal analysis of the detection mechanism key components of the double circular arc cylinder and frame was carried out, by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS, and then it was tested by experiment. The results showed that the vibration frequency of the detection mechanism, lower than 971.28 Hz, could not cause vibration of double circular drum group, and this helped to reduced the eggshell breakage rate. Moreover, the frame frequency was found relatively low and easy to cause vibration, so the vibration reduction design of the detection mechanism was mainly based on the frame. It was a reliable and rapid method to analyze the vibration characteristics of mechanism by using the modal analysis of finite element software ANSYS, and this laid the foundation for the vibration analysis and optimum design of other components of the detection mechanism.

Abstract:As an important part of the high-voltage pulsed electric field (Pulsed Electric Field, PEF) processing system, in order to develop a processing chamber unit suitable for use in combination with multiple processing chambers, we modeled the elliptical embedded type field sterilization processing chamber, and the electric field distribution and hydrodynamic characteristics of the chamber were obtained by ANSYS software. Furthermore, based on the simulation analysis, the structure of the processing chamber was optimized, and a new type of total field sterilization treatment chamber based on the optimization of fluid properties was proposed. It was proved that the performance of the processing chamber could meet the requirements of multi-processing chamber unit series combination, and this could provide some ideas for further optimizing the high-voltage PEF sterilization processing chamber.

Abstract:The spiral cutter is the most important working part of the bowl jellyfish automatic cutting machine. In order to ensure the stability of the work, the elastic deformation and the good service life are avoided. The mathematical model of the cutter blade line is established by using the differential geometry. The curvature and torsional size and the law of curvature and torsion with polar angle are simulated by MATLAB. The maximum value of the curvature is 1.57, the minimum is 0.012 47, the maximum torsion is 0.002 46, and the minimum is 0. The three - dimensional solid model of spiral cutter was established by using Solidworks software, and it was introduced into ANSYS Workbench to complete the static analysis. The stress, strain and maximum deformation position of spiral cutter structure were determined, and the structure design of spiral cutter was proved to meet the performance requirement. The research results can provide a basis for studying the fatigue damage, service life and optimization of the bowl-shaped jellyfish screw cutter.

Abstract:According to the actual situation of higher energy consumption, as well as the greater fluctuations of yield and unstable feed quantity of suction nozzle in pneumatic conveying, the mechanism of airflow disturbance was analyzed. The grain suction nozzle of airflow disturbance was designed by using return air of positive pressure of pneumatic conveying as disturbed gas source, which could increase mixture between grain and airflow of grain inlet, by helping grain entering system and energy transmitting as well as converting. The use of separator of large curvature elbow had advantages of one wind multipurpose, including anti-collision, anti-broken, dust removal, energy saving and loss reduction. Results showed that the output of pneumatic conveying and efficiency of fan were the highest when the disturbed gas flow was 11%～13% of fan air volume, with the velocity of airflow disturbance at 16～18 m/s.

Abstract:In order to solve the existing problems of air separation equipment of high energy consumption, loss of moisture and temperature, circulating air was used to reduce energy consumption, moisture and temperature dissipation, and the energy-saving multiple-silk air separation system was developed. The system was composed of material uniform and dilution, first and second cycle the air separation systems, dust extraction pipe and other devices. Through uniform thinning of the material, both the side and vertical air entered and floated to improve wind effect, by the first and second cycle air separation systems. 90% of the circulated air were utilized to reduce the energy consumption and water loss. Moreover, system sealed with a closed conveyer belt combined with a miscellaneous gas locking device was used to prevent dust. The processing and product quality and energy consumption for the Energy-saving between both the circulation wind type of multi-stage winnowing and traditional air separation device were compared. The results show that, compared with the later, the former resulted in the temperature increasing by 6.2 ℃, the moisture content increasing by 0.3 percentage points, and energy consumption reducing by more than 50%，with the almost similar cigarette quality.

Abstract:A new metal detector was designed, using LDC1000 digital inductance sensor and self-made coil as the metal detection sensor, based on eddy current principle. When the metal near the coil, caused by the mutual inductance, the LC oscillation circuit’s frequency changed, and the changed frequency could be converted to the digital output data. Furthermore, the data could be sent to STM32 for process and display, through the SPI interface. When the test value exceed threshold value, it could cause sound and light alarm. The test metal could detect 0.6 mm diameter of thin wire, and it might be used to food processing, security check and other fields. If equipped with Bluetooth and wireless communication, it might be used for the web of things security work.

Abstract:A small low speed milling machine has been designed for household use. The device adopts vertical roller mill grinding, and is equipped with the outer cylinder rotation drive screw lift to achieve a uniform grinding mechanism which ensures the produced flour's nutrition structure intact. The function structure and working principle of the mill, the kinematics theory of the roller mill and the lifting mechanism are applied. A new structure of the whole machine as well as its key parts has been performed. The software EDEM has been used to carry out the simulation of the particle transport of flour, and the factors which affecting the efficiency of material conveying have been studied. Thus this study provides reference for the selection of the motor and the design of the whole machine.

Abstract:Objective To prepare a new kind of grease resistant -antibacterial paper using natural biological material as grease resistant and antibacterial agents, and to test its grease resistance and antibacterial properties. Methods Grease resistant-antibacterial paper was prepared by coating grease resistant antibacterial agent on paper. The grease resistance grade was tested by surface repellency test. The inhibition rate of coated paper on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was calculated by colony method. Results When the ratio of 1 g/100 mL chitosan to 10 g/100 mL starch was 12, the grease resistance grade of coated paper reached 8, the cost was about 0.3 RMB/m²; when the addition amount of Nisin reached 1 g/100 mL, the inhibitory rates of coated paper on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 70.3% and 72.8%, respectively. Conclusion Nisin-loaded chitosan -starch coated paper, while ensuring grease resistance of paper, cost less than chitosan coated paper and has more suitable viscosity than chitosan and starch. It also has better toughness and flatness than starch coated paper, and can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli effectively.

Abstract:With the revival of traditional culture, the "beauty of simplicity" of traditional culture elements has become a trend of packaging design. This paper expounds the aesthetic significance of "beauty of simplicity", points out that "beauty of simplicity" is not simple and crude, but a beauty that comply with natural, showing the essence of things and its culture connotation in the form of natural beauty and implicit beauty; discusses how to discriminate，screen and extract traditional culture elements, puts forward the way that the innovation and application of traditional culture elements in the process of packaging design.

Abstract:It interprets the connotation and application of humanized design in food packaging. Based on profound analysis of 2015-2016′s World Star Packaging Awards works of foods, with environmental friendly and innovative services for the foundation, the deep research was done to application of humanized design concept. Humanized packaging design was the human-centered design, considering the human factors in the traditional design and affected by the emotion and culture of the consumers. Moreover, it satisfied all requirements of packaging design such as practical functions, artistic creativity, and green environmental protection. Humanization is an always important design consideration nowadays, even in the future.

Abstract:Fresh cut hang cabbage was cleaned by 1.8 mg/L ozone water for 5 min, and then stored under 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ℃ in thermostats, respectively. The total number of colonies, vitamin C and chlorophyll content index were measured, and combined with the Arrhenius equation to establish first order dynamic prediction model. The values of activation energy (E_A) of shelf life model were 49.08, 54.87 and 38.8 kJ/mol respectively, referring to former factors A₀ were 4.93×10⁷, 1×10⁹, 1.22×10⁶. The indexes of 10 ℃ were used to validate the model whose relative error of the predicted and the measured values were less than 10%. It showed that the shelf life model could be used to predict accurately the shelf life of fresh cut Hang cabbage in the temperature of 0～20 ℃.

Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of different barrier packaging materials on the preservation of harvested lettuce. Lettuces were encased in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with LDPE, PE, HDPE and EVOH/PE films and stored at 4℃, while the ones without packaging were used for comparison under the same conditions. During storage, the gas composition in packaging, sensory quality, weight loss, chlorophyll content and relative conductivity of lettuces were measured regularly. On the sixth day, lettuces in the control group lost the commodity value due to serious water loss. In the EVOH/PE group, O₂ was running out and the CO₂ ratio reached 203%. It also produced an alcohol smell in the bag. The O₂ ratio in the other three groups decreased first, then fluctuated within a small range, and the proportion of CO₂ increased first and then relatively stable. The preservation effect of HDPE group was the best, and the storage time could reach 18 days. Barrier suitable packaging materials could effectively improve the preservation effect of lettuce, therefore their shelf life was extended.

Abstract:11 traits of the effect of cinnamon, oregano, fennel oil on quality of fresh-cutting broccoli were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) method in this study. An assessment model was established to screen the best essential oil treatment. 3 principal components were screened out through principal component analysis which accounted for 86.462% of the total variance. Frist principal component reflect the information of the total number of colonies, respiration intensity, weight loss rate, VC content, chlorophyll content, aroma score and browning degree score. The second one used to obtain he information of the total flavonoids, PPO and POD. The third one reflected the information of the total phenolic. The results showed that the quality score of fresh cut broccoli treated with different essential oils was the highest (0.34) in the cinnamon group (2 d), as to effectively delayed the decline of chlorophyll, vitamin C, maintaining a high total phenol and total flavonoids. Thus, the cinnamon oil was conductive to fresh-cutting broccoli preservation.

Abstract:Mandarin fruits (Citrus reticulata Blanco) were treated with wax A, wax B, wax C and wax D respectively. In order to screen the best wax for the commercialization process of mandarin orange, the effects of different wax treatment on the storage quality of postharvest mandarin orange were measured. The results showed that wax C and wax A effectively reduced the weight loss of fruits, but the disease incidence was severely. Wax D effectively inhibited the yellowing of mandarin fruits, while the browning of the stem end and the disease incidence were severely. Wax B effectively inhibited the yellowing of mandarin fruits, the browning of the stem end, kept a good color and improved the consumer acceptance of fruit. Besides, it could inhibit the decay of fruits and maintaine the content of soluble solids, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid in fruits. It was suggested that wax B could keep the sensory quality and nutritional value of mandarin fruit during storage. Thus, it was suitable on the commercialization process of mandarin fruit.

Abstract:With fresh radish as raw materials, the hot-air drying characteristics of fresh radish under different conditions of hot-air temperature, air velocity and slice thickness were investigated in this study. Then the fitting of experimental data and the applicability of 7 different mathematical models for the process of hot-air drying radish was compared. The results showed that the hot-air drying process of radish mainly occured in falling-rate drying period and the constant-rate period is not obvious. Hot-air temperature and slice thickness have a greater effect on drying-rate, relatively, while the effects of air velocity is less. The higher the temperature, the thinner the slice and the bigger the air velocity are, the shorter the drying time is. By comparing the coefficients (R²), chi-square values (χ²) and the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of each model, it was found that, among these models, the Page model is better than other models for describing the process of hot-air drying radish with R² of 0.997 6, χ² of 2.615×10^-4 and RMSE of 0.014 6. It showed a good fitting between the experimental and predicted values. With the increase of hot-air temperature, air velocity and slice thickness, the effective moisture diffusivity of radish increased from 7.560×10^-10 to 2.130×10^-9, and the activation energy was 26.34 kJ/mol. Finally, the color of dried products under different temperatures was examined and analyzed. Results showed that when the hot-air temperature increased from 50 ℃ to 80 ℃, the L^* value showed a gradual decrease, while the values of a^*, b^* and total chromatism ΔE^* were reductive.

Abstract:Superfine grinding-assisted enzymatic extraction of soluble dietary fiber from Phaseolus Radiatus hull were studied, and the extraction conditions were optimized by two general rotary combination design. Then the properties were studied. The results showed that the superfine grinding could significantly improve the extraction rate of soluble dietary fiber of Phaseolus radiatus hull, when the particle size was 25～38 μm, and the enzymatic extraction of soluble dietary fiber were: ratio of solvent-to-solid 331 (mL/g), enzyme solution temperature, 60 ℃, ratio of enzyme-substrate 190 U/g, the enzymolysis time 2 h. Under this conditions, the yield of soluble dietary fiber reached 14.02%, the water holding capacity was 389%, the oil holding capacity was 142%, the expansion force was 2.67 mL/g, and the adsorption rate of sodium cholate was 30.29%.

Abstract:Chimonanthus salicifolicus Hu leaves extracts were prepared by methanol circumfluence extraction. Five fractions were obtained by extraction with different polar solvents including n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. Then fractions were detected by total polyphenol content, reducing power, scavenging DPPH free radical and antimicrobial activities. The results showed that all the fractions exhibited high content of total polyphenol, and ethyl acetate fraction had the highest phenolic compounds, with the content of (309.50±4.81) mg/g. The fractions had strong antioxidative capacities such as reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging ability. The fractions of methanol, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water had certain scavenging ability on DPPH free radical with IC₅₀ of 1.24, 1.11, 0.61, 0.48, 0.98 and 1.36 mg/mL, respectively. The fractions also had the inhibiting effects on E. coli, S.aureus, B.subtilis and P.aeruginosa. Dichloromethane fraction presented the best antimicrobial effect than other fractions. Its MIC against four common bacterial strains was 2 mg/mL. In conclusion, the fractions have good antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and this research was profitable for the further study of the separation of active compounds from Chimonanthus salicifolicus Hu leaves.

Abstract:The effects of acid value, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid value on the degree of lipid oxidation during the storage process were observed. The quality and flavor of the onion skin extract were determined by color difference and whole texture analysis. The effects of onion peel extracts on the color, texture and oxidative stability of western sausages were investigated. The results showed that the addition of onion peel extract is 0.5%, which not only inhibits the oxidation of fat, but also improves the color of western sausages, reduces the hardness, elasticity and chewiness of western sausages.

Abstract:The wall of rape bee pollens were broken by using different methods, and them the water-soluble ingredients were extracted. Therefore, the 4-Nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) was as substrate to evaluate the efficiency of bee pollen as a natural alpha glucosidase inhibitor. The results showed that the wall-breaking manners had significant effect on the active ingredient. The inhibition rate of thealphaglucosidase was found ordered as following, temperature difference (13.73±1.15)%, supercritical CO₂ (-8.07±0.93)%, ultrasonic assisted enzymatic (16.70±0.87)%,and untreated (9.68±0.89)%. Moreover, the inhibition rate of rape pollen polysaccharide on alpha glucosidase activity was fluctuated at （2.46±0.31）%~（-0.78±0.03）%, and there was no obvious linear relationship. Finally, after the walls were broken, the content of polysaccharides increased significantly, but rape pollen polysaccharide had no effect on alpha glucosidase activity. This might be related to flavonoids or other components.

Abstract:By adding potato granule with different proportions in wheat flour, the farinograph properties, gelatinization characteristics of the mixed flour, and the cooking characteristics and texture characteristics of dried noodles were measured to evaluate the effect of potato granule on the quality of wheat flour and noodles. The results showed that the values of peak viscosity, valley viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity and setback decreased with increasing addition of potato granule; the dough development time, stability time and degree of softening first decreased and then increased, and the water absorption increased linearly. The cooking loss, the best cooking time of dried noodles increased, while hardness and springiness of the noodles decreased gradually. The quality of dried noodles was better when the potato granule addition was less than or equal to 20%. There were significant correlations among the amount of potato granule, pasting properties and farinograph properties of the mixed flour and the quality properties of dried noodles.

Abstract:This paper used dried cowpea as materials to study the different proportion of water which effected the quality of cowpea with wild fermentation method. The results showed that, during the fermentation process, with the addition of water, the cowpea’s pH value decreased. The total acid content increased with the water addition except when the amount of water was 12%. The peak of nitrite was slower and lower than others when proportion of water was 16% and 20%. The content of volatile ester increased firstly, then keep invariability. And the content of volatile ester was higher than the proportion of water was 14%,16% and 18%. After 32 days, the amino acid contents which the water addition was 16% higher than other treatments; with the increased of water content, the cowpea’s hardness, adhesive and chewiness were decreased at first, then increased. Taken together, when the proportion of water was between 14%~16%, the quality of cowpea with wild fermentation method was the best.

Abstract:In this paper, the application and optimum adding dosage of calcium carbonate, diatomite and titanium dioxide with different crystal form and particle size distribution on reconstituted tobacco sheet were investigated, and the effects of adding dosage on the physical properties of the reconstituted tobacco were discussed. The difference of filler retention on reconstituted tobacco was compared by the SEM and TG. The results showed that: the retention of diatomite and titanium dioxide was obviously higher than calcium carbonate, and the bulk and thickness were improved with diatomite and titanium dioxide; the tensile strength was highest at adding dosage of 10% when calcium carbonate or diatomite was used, and it changed little when titanium dioxide was used; the SEM shows that the retention of fillers was increasing with the increasing fillers ratio, and the calcium carbonate distribution was dispersed; in the TG analysis， the residual weight of reconstituted tobacco was in accordance with retention of fillers; the sensory quality of reconstituted tobacco of filling diatomite and titanium dioxide was better than filling calcium carbonate.

Abstract:The influence factors of different microwave power, temperature and time, water bath time, and packed weight in pickled mustard were investigated based on single factor test with the hardness, color variation as comprehensive scores. Regression equation was established to figure out the optimal solution. The Result showed that optimum sterilization conditions were figured out as follows. 100 g packed pickled mustard were processed by microwave for 3 min at 71 ℃ with power 1 080 W, combined with water bathing for 1 min. The technology of microwave assisted water bath sterilization could be applied in pickled mustard sterilization. This process could make the pickled mustard with better quality than the traditional sterilization process.

Abstract:The influence of quality of apricot plum by boiling permeating sugar, vacuum permeating sugar and ultrasonic permeating sugar were investigated, and the regression equation of sensory evaluation was established in this study. The Xinjiang Cemaiti apricot was used to study the difference of sugar content, shearing force and chromatic aberration, comparing among apricots prepared by 3 kinds of permeating sugar method. The optimum process was calculated and the regression equation was evaluated by stepwise regression method. The results showed that the content of sugar in the apricot was increased with the cooking times, the degree of vacuum and the ultrasonic power, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). Moreover, the boiled sugar was the highest score calculated by fuzzy mathematics. Additionally, the raito of the stepwise regression equation to sensory evaluation value was 0.02 × sugar content + 0.02 × total color difference -0.04 × shear force +0.82. We could conclude that the sensory evaluation equation of apricot was influenced by the hardness, sugar content and the color difference.

Abstract:The whole sweet orange cloudy juice was produced for investigation in the current study. Treated with pectinase and protease, one-factor-at-a-time and orthogonal array design methods were used to optimize hydrolysis conditions based on juice yield and suspension stability. The optimum conditions were as follows: pectinase amount 0.01%, protease amount 0.2%, the enzymolysis time 40 min, and the enzymolysis temperature 40 ℃. In these conditions, the 30% puree content whole fruit juice yield was up to 83.27%, and the absorbance at 660 nm was 0.431. The results showed that the enzymatic treatment could improve the juice yield greatly and remain the cloudy juice good suspension stability. After the enzymatic treatment, the 20% and 30% puree content whole fruit juice could preserve good organoleptic properties.

Abstract:The sea-buckthorn seed oil microcapsules were prepared by spray drying technique with three kinds of recipes (CAS/MD, OSA/MD, WPI/GA/MD). The properties and microstructure of sea-buckthorn seed oil microcapsules were studied. Moreover, the content of fatty acid in sea-buckthorn seed oil before and after microencapsula-tion was determined by gas chromatography. The results showed that the microcapsules of the three formulations had low water content and high solubility. The encapsulation efficiency of sea-buckthorn seed oil microcapsule prepared with CAS/MD as wall material was highest. The sea-buckthorn seed oil microcapsules had small particle size, smooth surface, good thermal stability and uniform wall thickness. The distribution of seabuckthorn seed oil in capsules was uniform. The process of spray drying did not affect the functional components in sea-buckthorn seed oil.

Abstract:Vibrio parahaeomolyticus, a natural inhabitant in estuarine marine water has been frequently isolated from seafood, and causes huge economic losses. It has been recognized as the leading causative agent for seafood borne illness all over the world. Numerous physical, chemical, and biological intervention methods for reducing V. parahaeomolyticus in seafood products have been investigated and practiced. Each intervention method has distinct advantages and disadvantages depending on the processing needs and consumer preference. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various intervention strategies for reducing V. parahaeomolyticus in seafood so as to give a reference to the application of related technology and subsequent research.

Abstract:As the core of the miniaturized total analysis system, microfluidic chip has the characteristics of high efficiency separation, rapid analysis, low reagent consumption and miniaturization, provides a new platform for rapid detection analysis. With the development of microfluidic technology, paper based microfluidic chip has been widely used because of its low cost, easy fabrication and convenient carrying. This paper mainly introduces the processing technology of paper based microfluidic chip, including wax printing method, UV lithography and plasma processing technology, inkjet printing technology and wax dipping technology, cutting technology and the application of paper-based microfluidic chip.

Abstract:This paper first describes the X-ray fluorescence analysis technology application. Secondly, the effects of different soil preparation conditions and detection conditions on the detection of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and the application of spectral analysis and model optimization are introduced. Finally, the development prospect of X-ray fluorescence spectrum detection technology is briefly discussed.

Abstract:From the perspective of the legislation of formula foods for special medical purposes, this paper analyzes its current legislation situation and existing problems, and describes its legislation significance. Based on this, t suggested to promote the democracy and scientificity of health care legislation by taking the following measures: insisting on the legislation idea of core value of health equity, widely collecting health rights and interests of people with special medical condition, following the medical ontology characteristics and demonstrating and assessing scientifically, etc.

Abstract:In the context of the current national efforts to develop the rural leisure tourism industry based on the local culture and the willingness of the urban people to return to the local feelings, the current local food is facing the problem of being forgotten or even extinct, from the discussion of local food and rural culture. The paper analyzes the three cultural meanings of the ecological culture connotation, the historical and cultural connotation and the emotional connotation of the local food, and thinks and interprets the phenomenon of the green and cultural return of the modern food ecology, then puts forward the concept of including the strict conservation of the local food dependence. The natural environment, reshaping the vitality of the local food culture and cultivate and innovate the use of modern culture to convey the connotation of the modern media of the three local food modern heritage strategy.