Objective This study aims to establish an analytical method for detecting the migration levels of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1-decene monomers from food contact materials into four food simulants, including 4% acetic acid, 10% ethanol, 20% ethanol, and 50% ethanol.Methods Chromatographic columns of different polarities and specifications are compared to select the optimal column. The headspace equilibrium temperature and equilibrium time are optimized using peak area as the evaluation index. Methodological validation is performed by conducting recovery experiments at low, medium, and high spiking levels using the soaking solutions of the negative sample of the four food simulants as the matrix, and the recoveries and relative standard deviations of the migration levels of target analytes are determined and calculated.Results The optimal experimental conditions are as follows: HP-5 capillary chromatographic column (30 m×0.25 mm, 1 μm), headspace equilibrium temperature of 80 ℃, equilibrium time of 40 min, detection by flame ionization detector (FID), quantification by the external standard method. Both target compounds exhibit good linearity in the concentration range of 0.01~0.1 mg/L, with correlation coefficients all greater than 0.995. The limits of detection (LOD, S/N=3) range from 0.000 1 to 0.002 mg/kg, and the limits of quantification (LOQ, S/N=10) range from 0.000 3 to 0.006 mg/kg. The spiked average recoveries range from 81.0% to 109%, with relative standard deviations (RSD, n=6) of 1.3%~9.8%.Conclusion This method is convenient and sensitive, with satisfactory accuracy and precision. It is suitable for the determination of 4-methyl-1-pentene and 1-decene monomer migration levels in plastic materials for food contact.