Objective To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of the migration volumes of 11 antioxidants from polylactic acid (PLA) straws and to assess the migration risk.Methods The migration patterns of the 11 antioxidants from PLA straws are investigated in four food simulants: 10% ethanol, 4% acetic acid, 95% ethanol, and olive oil. Additionally, the 11 antioxidants are separated by gradient elution on Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C₁₈ (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) chromatographic column with methanol-water as the mobile phase. Furthermore, the influence of different simulants, temperature, and time on migration behavior is investigated using a positive sample as the object.Results The 11 antioxidants demonstrate excellent performance in chromatographic separation and exhibit potent linearity in the ranges of 0.5 to 15.0 mg/L and 1.0 to 30.0 mg/L. The correlation coefficients exceed 0.998, the spiked recoveries range from 83.2% to 102.8%, and the relative standard deviations range from 0.64% to 8.59%.Conclusion This method is simple, sensitive, and accurate, thus suitable for the migration volume determination of the 11 antioxidants from degradable PLA straws. The highest migration volume of the 11 antioxidants is observed in oil-based food simulant. Also, the migration volume is positively correlated with temperature, reaching a plateau at about 60 ℃ (close to the glass transition temperature of PLA).