Objective To investigate the effects of Xanthoceras sorbifolium oil (XSO) in promoting vascular regeneration in zebrafish and its mechanisms, and to provide a basis for medicine development in cardiovascular repair.Methods A PTK787-induced vascular defect model is built in zebrafish. XSO is administered at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 μg/mL. The regeneration of intersegmental vessels (ISV) and subintestinal vessels (SIV) is analyzed via fluorescence microscopy. Oxidative stress markers (SOD, MDA, CAT) and Apela protein expression levels are detected. Additionally, DHI (Danhong Injection) is set as a positive control.Results The 75 μg/mL XSO group shows optimal efficacy in vascular regeneration promotion: ISV length recovers to 87.6% of the normal group (2 234.5 μm vs. 2 550.1 μm), and SIV length exceeds normal levels by 105% (662.8 μm vs. 627.9 μm), outperforming the positive control group (ISV: 93.7%; SIV: 98.2%). Oxidative stress indexes are significantly alleviated: SOD is 19.03 U/mg (1.41-fold of the normal group), MDA content is decreased to 56.6% of the model group (1.305 nmol/mg vs. the positive control group 1.658 nmol/mg), and CAT activity reaches 1.623 4 U/mL (1.53-fold of the normal group, 1.32-fold of the positive control group). Apela protein expression is at 49.327 ng/mL (1.26-fold of the model group vs. 1.18-fold of the positive control group).Conclusion XSO promotes vascular regeneration by modulating oxidative stress and upregulating Apela protein, demonstrating superior efficacy and safety to DHI without excessive risks of vascular regeneration.