Objective: To explore the effects of Brassica rapa L. acid polysaccharide 1 (BRAP-1) on H226 cell tumor-bearing mice. Methods: 60 mice were divided into the model group (0.1 mL/10 g), positive cisplatin [3 mg/(kg·2 d)], BRAP-1 low dose [50 mg/(kg·d)], BRAP-1 medium dose [100 mg/(kg·d)] and BRAP-1 high dose [200 mg/(kg·d)]. During the experiment, the tumor growth of mice was observed, and the tumor inhibition rate and organ index were calculated; The levels of interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The gene expressions of IL-18, IL-1β, RIP-1(receptor-interacting protein-1), RIP3 and MLKL (mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein 3) were detected by Real-time Quantitative PCR (q-PCR) and Western blot (WB). Results: Compared with the model group, the low and middle dose of BRAP-1 groups had significant tumor inhibition effects (P＜0.05), and the positive group and the high dose of BRAP-1 group had significant tumor inhibition effects (P＜0.01). Compared with other groups in the model group, the serum levels of IL-1β in the positive group and the high dose of BRAP-1 group were significantly increased (P＜0.01), IL-18 and TNF-α were significantly decreased in the positive group (P < 0.05), and were significantly increased in each dose of BRAP-1 group (P < 0.01). The results of q-PCR and Western blot showed that compared with the model group, the relative expression of IL-1β mRNA decreased with the increase of BRAP-1 dose (P＜0.01), while the relative expression of IL-18, MLKL, RIP1, and RIP3 mRNA and protein increased (P＜0.01). Conclusion: BRAP-1 can inhibit the growth of lung squamous carcinoma H226 cells by regulating the necrotizing apoptosis-related proteins MLKL, RIP1, and RIP3 and regulating immune cytokine levels.