Objective: This study aimed to screen potato varieties suitable for cultivation in southern Xinjiang. Methods: By combining factor analysis and cluster analysis, a comprehensive evaluation of the nutritional quality of 12 kinds of introduced potato species was conducted using them as test materials. Results: S1 contained the most protein, and S5 included the most soluble sugar content and vitamin C; S12 contained the least nitrate, and S10 contained the most reduced sugar and starch. Nutritional quality indicators differ significantly among potato varieties. The coefficients of variation of soluble sugar content, vitamin C content, and nitrate content were 47.13%, 37.03% and 33.38%, respectively. The two primary components identified by factor analysis were the protein content and vitamin C content, and the potato quality was further divided into 3 clusters using systematic cluster analysis. Conclusion: The five varieties S1, S5, S7, S10 and S11 are suitable for promotion in the southern Xinjiang region.