Objective： An ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS） method was established for the determination of abietic acids in poultry. Methods： The samples were extracted with acetonitrile, then salted out and stratified. The supernatant was purified by C₁₈ solid phase extractant and finally determined by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS in ESI negative mode. Results： Abietic acid compounds exhibited a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 10~500 μg/L with good correlation coefficient R²>0.998. The average recoveries of three abietic acid compounds were experiments, the average recovery rate was 87.8%~98.5% with relative standard deviations （RSDs, n=6） of 1.99%~6.71%, at the spiked level of 20, 40, 200 μg/kg. The limits of detection （LODs） were 10 μg/kg and the method limits of quantification （LOQs） were 20 μg/kg. Conclusion： This method was convenient operation, rapid, high recovery and sensitivity and good precision that could meet the determination requirements of three abietic acids in poultry.