Objective:In order to clarify the heat release behavior of neophytadiene under different conditions.Methods:Use Soxhlet extraction method, chromatography column method to extract and purify neophytadiene in tobacco powder, combined with IR, ¹H NMR and MS spectrum technology, the structure was confirmed, and Py-GC/MS was used to analyze and study the pyrolysis products of neophytadiene under different conditions.Results:The performance of neophytadiene at different temperatures under anaerobic and aerobic conditions had good cracking thermal stability, and it can still maintain its original state at high temperature. The types of new phytadiene cracking products increased with the increasing of temperature. Under anaerobic conditions, the anaerobic cracking products of cracking products mainly include alkanes and alkenes. In addition to alkanes and alkenes, the main products of cracking under aerobic conditions also produce a large amount of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, benzene series, and other compounds. Under aerobic conditions, the neo phytadienes were cracked Alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, furans and other compounds containing oxygen atoms, these components have a positive effect on improving the smoking quality of cigarettes. The formation of cracked products mainly comes from primary and secondary reactions The primary reaction of neophytadiene is mainly the scission of α and β bonds of conjugated double bonds, and the secondary reaction is relatively complicated.Conclusion:Neophytadiene has a positive effect on improving the smoking quality of cigarettes.