The polysaccharides and proteins from Hericium erinaceus were flashly extracted. On the basis of single factor experiments, the response surface methodology was applied to optimize the extraction conditions, and the structure of the polysaccharide and the subunit composition of the protein molecule were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and SDS-PAGE respectively. The optimal condition for extraction of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides (HEP) and proteins were: extracting time 80 s, liquid-solid ratio 171 (mL/g), grinding granularity 80 meshes, extracting voltage 100 V, HEP yield rate (9.24±0.15)% and protein yield rate was 1.34%. The fourier transform infrared spectrum showed that HEP had absorption peaks near 3 400, 2 930 and 1 400～1 200 cm^-1; the protein mass was mainly distributed around 44.3 and 66.4 kDa by SDS-PAGE electropho-retic. The results will provide a feasible way and theoretical reference for the study on polysaccharides and proteins of Hericium erinaceus.