UPLC-UV-QDa technique, combined with the acidic hydrolysis experiment were applied to quantitative and qualitative analysis flavonoid aglycones and methanol extracts from leaves of four different kinds of Prunus cerasifera. The result showed that quercetin and kaempferol were well separated in 7.0 minutes and had good linear relationship, the average recoveries of two flavonoid aglycones were 98.65% and 102.02% with RSD 1.08%(n=3) and 1.17%(n=3), the method was proved to be fast, accurate and repeatable. There was some difference in the content of flavonoid aglycone from different kinds of Prunus cerasifera in different environment, two flavonoid aglycones were found in all kinds of leaves, while kaempferol was the main composition. The content of kaempferol was the highest in leaves of purple fruit in sunny slope up to (7.68±0.45) mg/g, and the lowest in leaves of red fruit in valleys with (4.59±0.32) mg/g, the content of total flavonoids were from 16.21 to 33.25 mg/g. Composition of extracts from leaves of purple fruit in sunny slope were rapidly identified by UPLC-UV-QDa technique, including one caffeoylquinic acid, four quercetin glycosides and seven kaempferol glycosides. The above results provide theoretical support and technical basis for the further exploitation and utilization of Prunus cerasifera.