In order to solve the pollution problems of chemical fumigation pest which commonly used in grain storage currently, based on the principle of thermal physics, microwave irradiation was used to inhibit egg hatching in grain. Through changing the microwave power and irradiation time, the relationship between the factors including microwave properties, grain temperature and grain vigor, and hatchability of eggs were found. The results showed that the effect depth of microwave was 7-10 cm, and the best time of irradiation was 90 s at 1 kW and 60 s at 2 kW, with no change on the grain appearance. Moreover, the hatchability of eggs, mainly S.oryzae and cerealella, inside the seed was 0%. Irradiation had a less effect on seed viability, and no obvious changes was observed in germination percentage and relative electrical conductivity. The irradiation could significantly affect the moisture content of surface, but the others were less influenced. The results can provide some helpful information for the application of the irradiation in inhibiting the egg hatching in grain during storage.