Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS—SPME) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC—MS) were used for the qualitative determination of aromatic components in Sichuan Xiaoqu Chinese spirit samples. The effect factors of HS—SPME were optimized, such as alcohol content in sample，sample volume in headspace glass vial, concentrations of sodium chloride, equilibrium temperature and time, desorption time. The best extraction performance was achieved under the following conditions: 20% vol alcohol content in sample，45% sample volume in headspace glass vial with addition of 0.1 g/mL sodium chloride, 30min equilibrium time at 45 ℃, 30 min headspace adsorption time. In this condition, there were 45 aromatic components were extracted, including 29 esters, 5 higher alcohols, 1 aldehydes, 10 others.