Abstract:Objective To investigate the effects and characteristics of the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) on postprandial blood glucose fluctuations following the consumption of slow-release carbohydrate staple foods.Methods This study enrolls eight healthy adult participants for 15-day continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and collects postprandial venous blood samples to observe blood glucose fluctuations. During the trial, participants consume control food (glucose solution) in the morning on days 2 and 14 after fasting and slow-release carbohydrate staple foods, regular rice, and low-GI high-resistant starch rice on days 5, 8, and 11, respectively. Postprandial 4 h blood glucose changes and venous blood glucose levels are monitored. Key metrics include time in range within 4 h postprandial (TIR4h), time to return to fasting blood glucose levels within 4 h postprandial (Tb4h), 4 h postprandial glycemic index (GI4h), and 4 h postprandial glycemic load (GL4h).Results Among the five food tests, the control food (glucose solution) shows the TIR4h of 85.6%, while the slow-release carbohydrate staple foods achieves the TIR4h of 100%, which is higher than that of glucose solution (P<0.05) and superior to the other two food types. The average Tb4h of the glucose solution is 112 min, whereas that of the slow-release carbohydrate staple foods is 167 min, longer than the control (P<0.05). CGMS-derived GL4h values for the three test foods are 55, 60, and 47, with regular rice and slow-release carbohydrate staple foods showing higher GL4h than low-GI high-resistant starch rice. Venous blood measurements yield GL4h values of 52, 64, and 40, with regular rice and slow-release carbohydrate staple foods showing higher GL4h than low-GI high-resistant starch rice (P<0.05). These findings indicate that the slow-release carbohydrate staple foods exhibit higher TIR4h (100%), Tb4h (167 min), and GL4h than low-GI high-resistant starch rice.Conclusion Slow-release carbohydrate staple foods significantly attenuate postprandial blood glucose fluctuations while achieving sustained energy provision in the human body.
