In the context of China's social co-governance of food safety, advancing the participation of trade union organizations plays a significant role in enhancing workers' professional quality through education and training, and strengthening corporate responsibility through collective bargaining. Although notable progress has been made in current practices, challenges still exist, including the relatively simple form of popular science education, the insufficient effectiveness of new media publicity, and the inadequate support for workers' food safety reporting by trade union organizations. To address these challenges, solutions should be explored from multiple perspectives: diversifying public science education methods, forming a full-media publicity strategy for trade unions in food safety co-governance, and improving support mechanisms for trade unions in handling food safety reporting by union members.