With the development of digital technologies represented by artificial intelligence AI globally, and considering environmental pressures such as reducing carbon emissions from alternative proteins, sustainable packaging to reduce plastic pollution and health awareness, countries like the United States, the European Union, Singapore, and Japan have established relatively effective legal frameworks for emerging food fields including alternative proteins, functional foods, and 3D-printed foods. In contrast, China's legal supervision in the emerging food field currently faces issues such as vague classification supervision, low approval efficiency, insufficient alignment with international rules, and lagging supervision policies. To address these challenges, this paper selectively draws on the experiences of countries like the United States, the European Union, Singapore, and Japan. It reviews and gives suggestions to improve China's legal supervision in the emerging food fields from aspects such as establishing a hierarchical and categorized supervision system, optimizing approval processes and innovation incentives, enhancing inter-departmental and international cooperation, and dynamically adjusting supervision policies.