Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the activity difference of polyphenols in banana pulp of different varieties and to provide scientific basis for the exploitation and utilization of banana pulp polyphenols. Methods: Five banana pulp polyphenols were extracted by ultrasonic extraction, and the phenolic components were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography （UHPLC）. The antioxidant capacity and inhibition ability of α-glucosidase were determined. Results: The total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins content were significant differences among five varieties （P＜0.05）. Eight phenolic compounds were identified in five banana pulps, including four phenolic acids and their derivatives, and four flavonoid compounds. The five kinds of banana pulp polyphenols had certain antioxidant activities of scavenging DPPH, ABTS free radical, and reducing iron ion. All the five kinds of banana pulp polyphenols could inhibit α-glucosidase. The major bioactive components in banana pulp, catechin acid and rutin, were signicantly positively correlated with the ability of α-glucosidase inhibition （P＜0.05）. The antioxidative ability and inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase were the strongest in the pulp polyphenols of Nanjiao No.42 banana. The enzyme activity was inhibited by mixed inhibition, and the interaction with α-glucosidase was exothermic. Conclusion: Banana pulp polyphenols have good antioxidant ability and inhibition ability to α-glucosidase activity, and are expected to be a good selective inhibitor of α-glucosidase.