卤制工艺对湘味卤牛肉品质和风味的影响
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庾坤,男,邵阳学院在读硕士研究生。

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湖南省研究生科研创新项目(编号:CX20201188);湖南省科技创新计划资助(编号:2022NK2039);湖南省自然科学青年基金项目(编号:2021JJ40514)


Effect of marinated process on the quality and flavor of Hunan flavor marinated beef
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    摘要:

    目的:提升湘味卤牛肉品质、改进卤制工艺。方法:研究了脉冲卤制、真空卤制、微压卤制、传统卤制4种卤制工艺过程中牛肉品质和风味的变化规律。结论:随卤制时间延长,各卤制工艺牛肉的NaCl含量、烹煮损失率逐渐增加;色差L*值逐渐降低;咀嚼性、硬度、弹性先增加后降低;脉冲卤制、真空卤制、微压卤制、传统卤制感官评价最高得分分别为89.6,85.2,86.1,83.6,达到最高得分所需卤制时间分别为2.7,3.0,3.0,4.0 h,其中脉冲卤制感官评分最高,达至最高得分所需时间最少;在最高感官得分时,脉冲卤制牛肉的烹饪损失率为23.18%,低于微压卤制与传统卤制(P<0.05),咀嚼性、硬度和弹性分别为5.15,11.21 N和0.782 mm,优于另外3种卤制工艺(P<0.05);脉冲卤制牛肉的肌肉组织破坏程度最低,肌纤维间隙最大;脉冲卤制牛肉中月桂醛、桂酸乙酯、丁香酚等湘味卤制特征风味物质相对含量最高,为12.3%。结论:脉冲卤制最适合湘味卤牛肉生产,可有效提升湘味卤牛肉卤制效率、出品率与食用品质。

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    Objective:This study aimed to provide a theoretical support for enhancing the quality of Hunan flavor marinated beef and improve the marinated process.Methods:The laws of beef quality and flavor change during pulse marinated, vacuum marinated micro pressure marinated and traditional marinated were investigated.Results:The NaCl content and percentage loss from cooked increased gradually in each marinated process beef with increased marinated time. The chromatic difference L* value decreased gradually, and the chewiness, hardness, elasticity increased first and then decreased. The sensory evaluation found the highest score and the time required to reach the highest score of pulse marination, vacuum marination, micro pressure marination and traditional marination were 89.6, 85.2, 86.1, 83.6, and 2.7 h, 3.0 h, 3.0 h, 4.0 h, respectively, Pulse marination had the highest sensory evaluation and the shortest time was required to reach the highest score. At the highest sensory score, the loss ratio of cooked was 23.18% in pulse marinated beef, which was lower than that of micro pressure marinated and traditional marinated (P<0.05), and the chewability, hardness and elasticity were 5.15 N, 11.21 N and 0.782 mm, respectively,and these was superior to those of the other three marinated beef (P<0.05), Muscle fiber bundles of pulse marinated beef were the least disruption in muscle tissue and the greatest gap between muscle fibers. The relative content of characteristic aroma compounds included Hunan flavor such as lauraldehyde, ethyl laurate and eugenol was highest at 12.3% in pulse marinated beef.Conclusion:Pulse marination is most suitable for Hunan flavor marinated production and can effectively improve the yield and food quality.

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庾坤,赵良忠,尹世鲜,等.卤制工艺对湘味卤牛肉品质和风味的影响[J].食品与机械,2022,(3):217-226.
YU Kun, ZHAO Liang-zhong, YIN Shi-xian, et al. Effect of marinated process on the quality and flavor of Hunan flavor marinated beef[J]. Food & Machinery,2022,(3):217-226.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-07-07
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