大鲵肝茶叶水提液脱腥过程中挥发性有机物的动态变化
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刘俊霞,女,陕西理工大学在读硕士研究生。

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陕西省“三秦学者”创新团队支持计划(编号:陕组[2018]34号);陕西理工大学重点科研项目(编号:SLG2106);汉中市青年科技创新团队项目(编号:汉科[2019]26号)


Dynamic changes of volatile organic compounds in giant salamander liver during the deodorization with tea water extract
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    摘要:

    目的:探讨茶叶水提液对大鲵肝的脱腥效果。方法:采用感官腥味值结合气相—离子迁移色谱(GC-IMS)分析经茶叶水提液处理不同时间(0,5,10,15,20 min)大鲵肝中挥发性成分的变化。结论:与未脱腥组相比,经茶叶水提液脱腥处理5 min后大鲵肝脏腥味值显著下降(P<0.05),处理10 min后腥味值基本稳定。不同脱腥时间下大鲵肝样品中共鉴定出32种挥发性有机物,包括10种醇类、8种醛类、5种酯类、5种酮类、3种烯烃类和1种醚类。经脱腥处理后,大鲵肝中醇、烯烃、醚、酯类物质相对含量下降,酮类和醛类物质相对含量增加。通过正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)结合变量投影重要性(VIP)筛选出10种潜在特征标志物(VIP>1),包括4种酮类、2种醇类、2种醛类、1种烯类和1种醚类。随着脱腥时间的延长,蘑菇醇、2-丁酮二聚体、异戊醇单体、2-丁酮单体相对含量呈降低趋势,而正己醛单体、异戊醛单体、丙酮相对含量呈增加趋势。结论:茶叶水提液处理5~10 min能够明显降低大鲵肝腥味,通过GC-IMS技术结合多元统计分析可以对脱腥过程中大鲵肝挥发性有机物进行区分。

    Abstract:

    Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of tea water extract on liver deodorization of giant salamander. Methods: The changes of volatile components in liver of giant salamander treated with tea water extract for 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 min, were analyzed by gas chromatography-ion mobility chromatography (GC-IMS) combined with sensory odor value. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed on volatile compounds. Results: Compared with the control group, the fishy smell value of the liver of the giant salamander was significantly decreased after the treatment with tea water extract for 5 min (P<0.05), and basically stable after the treatment for 10 min. A total of 32 volatile organic compounds were identified in the liver samples of the giant salamander at different deodorization times, including 10 kinds of alcohols, 8 kinds of aldehydes, 5 kinds of esters, 5 kinds of ketones, 3 kinds of alkenes and 1 kind of ether. The relative contents of alcohols, olefin, ethers and esters in the liver of the giant salamander decreased, while the relative contents of ketones and aldehydes increased. PCA results showed that the accumulative contribution rate of the first two principal components was 82%, which could achieve good differentiation between groups, while the aggregation degree was low within the sample group showing large difference within the group. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and variable importance in projection (VIP) were used to screen out 10 potential feature markers (VIP>1), including 4 kinds of ketones, 2 kinds of alcohols, 2 kinds of aldehydes, 1 kind of alkene and 1 kind of ether. In the deodorization process, with the extension of deodorization time, the relative contents of oct-1-en-3-ol, 2-butanone dimmer, 3-methylbutan-1-ol-monomer and 2-butanone-monomer decreased. The relative contents of hexanal-monomer, 3-methylbutanal-monomer and acetone increased. Conclusion: Treatment with tea water extract for 5~10 min can significantly reduce the liver fishy smell of giant salamander. GC-IMS technology combined with multivariate statistical analysis can distinguish the liver volatile organic compounds of giant salamander during the deodorization process.

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刘俊霞,赵萍,万小辉,等.大鲵肝茶叶水提液脱腥过程中挥发性有机物的动态变化[J].食品与机械,2022,(3):8-17.
LIU Jun-xia, ZHAO Ping, WAN Xiao-hui, et al. Dynamic changes of volatile organic compounds in giant salamander liver during the deodorization with tea water extract[J]. Food & Machinery,2022,(3):8-17.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-07-07
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