Objective: Identify the characteristic markers for the quality control of breakable capsule flavor. Methods: Volatile and semi-volatile compounds were detected by GC/MS, and the fingerprinting of the target samples was established. The obtained data were analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis. Results: 27 kinds of volatile and semi-volatile substances were identified, including 20 dominant aroma compounds and 7 shell materials, which were limonene, eugenol, anethole, menthol and so on, and caprylic/capric triglyceride respectively. Under the optimized conditions, the instrument precision, intra-day precision and inter-day precision were between 0.56%～9.94%, 3.07%～9.81% and 2.81%～11.95% respectively. Combined with the nearest neighbor algorithm of ChemPattern software, GC/MS fingerprinting of the sample was established. PCA showed there were no significant difference between the normal and simulated breakable capsule flavor samples. However, based on the results of OPLS-DA, four compounds were identified as characteristic markers （variable importance projection value>1, P<0.05）, which were limonene, methyl octanoate, methyl decanoate and eugenol, respectively. In general, these characteristic substances can reflect the fragrant type of breakable capsule flavor. Conclusion: This study can provide a reference for the quality control of breakable capsule flavor.