The ethanol extract was obtained from the powder of Rhodiola rosea with ethanol recycling in Soxhlet extractor, and was dissolved in water to disperse system after recovering the ethanol, then respectively extracted with cyclohexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol to get different solvent extracts. These different solvent extracts were determined total phenols and flavonoids content by a spectrophotometer, in the same time, their anti-oxidation activities were tested by DPPH· method, Fenton reaction method and prussian blue method with using Vc as a reference substance, and their antibacterial activities were evaluated by using minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. The results showed that the highest content of total phenols and flavonoids were in ethyl acetate extract, its content was (469.32±1.15), (338.57±0.92) mg/g extract, these different solvent extracts and the aqueous extract had obvious action to scavenge effect for DPPH· and ·OH, showed a strong total reduction capacity, its ethyl acetate extract and butanol extract exhibited relatively good anti-oxidation activities, the content of total phenols and flavonoids related to the antioxidant activity (P＜0.05), the MBC values of these extracts between 0.28~16.94 mg/mL showed inhibitory activities against the nine bacteria strains, inhibited the growth of testing bacteria and sterilized them especially against Staphylococcus aureus, its chloroform extract and ethyl acetate extract were very obvious to antibacterial effect. These different solvent extracts and the aqueous extract of the ethanol extracts from Rhodiola rosea showed certain antioxidant activities and antibacterial activities, they had potential applications.