生产季节对安岳坛子肉挥发性风味物质的影响
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刘威,男,四川旅游学院在读本科生

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四川省大学生创新项目(编号:S202011552123)


Effects of different production seasons on volatile flavor compounds of Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat
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    摘要:

    采集1,4,7,10月生产的坛子肉作为试验样品,利用电子鼻、电子舌以及顶空固相微萃取—气相色谱—质谱联用法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)对样品中挥发性风味物质进行分析和鉴定。结果表明,各季节生产的坛子肉的风味无显著差异(P>0.05);1月和4月坛子肉在气味上有显著差异(P<0.05),其他坛子肉间差异不显著(P>0.05);1月和10月坛子肉在滋味上有极显著差异(P<0.01),而其他坛子肉间差异显著(P<0.05)。各坛子肉中挥发性物质种类及相对含量差异较大,1月,4月,7月和10月坛子肉中分别检出53,56,73,70种挥发性物质,其中4月坛子肉的挥发性物质相对含量最高(88.60%),7月的最低(50.68%)。说明低温长时间发酵有利于坛子肉特征风味物质的形成。

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    The samples of Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat produced in January, April, July and October were collected and analyzed by electronic nose, electronic tongue and headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Artificial sensory evaluation showed that there was no significant difference in the flavor of each Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat sample (P>0.05). Electronic nose analysis showed that Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat had significant difference in odor between January and April (P<0.05), while other samples had no significant difference (P>0.05). Electronic tongue analysis showed that Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat produced in January and October had significant difference in taste (P<0.01), and other samples also had significant difference (P<0.05). GC-MS analysis showed that there were significant differences in the types and relative contents of volatile substances among the samples. 53 kinds of volatile substances were detected in the ceramic-pot sealed meat of January, and 56 kinds of them were detected in the ceramic-pot sealed meat of April, with the relative content of volatile substances as high as 88.60%. 73 kinds of volatile substances were detected in the ceramic-pot sealed meat of July, with the relative content of volatile substances only 50.68%, and 70 kinds of them were detected in the ceramic-pot sealed meat of October. The characteristic flavor substances in fermented Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat mainly include ethanol, acetaldehyde, 1-octene-3-alcohol, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, acetic acid and ethyl acetate. Moreover, the characteristic flavor substances in Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat produced in different seasons were different. Isoamyl alcohol, 2,2,4,6,6-pentamethylheptane, 4-hydroxy-2-butanone and ethyl propionate may be the characteristic flavor substances of Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat produced in January. Amyl formate, furan, acetone, n-hexane and carbon disulfide may be the characteristic flavor substances of Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat produced in April. 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene may be the characteristic flavor substance of Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat produced inJuly. Butyl acetate, ethyl propionate, 3-ethyl-2,5-methylpyrazine, 1,3-divinylbenzene and n-ethylpropionamide may be the characteristic flavor substance of Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat produced in October. Low temperature and long term fermentation was beneficial to the formation of characteristic flavor substances in Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat.

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刘威,肖岚,杨芳,等.生产季节对安岳坛子肉挥发性风味物质的影响[J].食品与机械,2020,(12):12-17,104.
LIU Wei, XIAO Lan, YANG Fang, et al. Effects of different production seasons on volatile flavor compounds of Anyue ceramic-pot sealed meat[J]. Food & Machinery,2020,(12):12-17,104.

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