To understand the residues of sulfonamides in meat poultry in Hunan, providing basis for expanding the application of detection methods of sulfonamide residues and strengthening the quality and safety supervision of meat poultry products, the ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was optimized for the simultaneous determination of 10 kinds of sulfonamide residues in meat poultry. The residues of sulfonamides in more than 300 batches of meat poultry samples produced and sold in various regions of Hunan Province were analyzed. The detection results of actual samples showed that the detection rate of trimethoprim was the highest among the 10 sulfonamides, which reached 4.92% of the total samples. The detection rate of chicken meat samples was the highest, reaching 52.4% of the samples containing sulfanilamide. Sulfonamides were detected in meat poultry samples in many areas of Hunan Province, and the average value of sulfonamides detected in Loudi area reached 101 μg/kg. While strengthening food supervision, meat poultry producers should be aware of the potential risks of sulfonamides, standardize the use of drugs or use harmless alternative drugs.