萎凋时间对丹霞8号主要生化成分和挥发性成分的影响
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乔小燕(1982—),女,广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所副研究员,博士。E-mail:qiaoxiaoyan@tea.gdaas.cn

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提升市县茶叶科技能力促进产业发展专项(编号:403-2018-XMZC-0002-90);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(编号:2016LM1093)


Effect of withering time on biochemical components and volatile of tea leaves from Danxia 8
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    摘要:

    以丹霞8号为试验材料,比较不同萎凋时间茶叶中生化成分和挥发性成分,探明其变化规律。结果表明:茶多酚含量在0~23 h显著增加,23~32 h显著降低。0~16 h游离氨基酸含量显著增加,茶氨酸则显著降低;16~50 h游离氨基酸和茶氨酸均显著降低。0~50 h咖啡碱含量显著增加;可可碱显著降低;叶绿素a差异不显著。叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量在5~28 h显著降低;28~50 h 显著增加。萜烯是5~32 h萎凋叶主体挥发性成分,萜醇是0 h和50 h萎凋叶主体挥发性成分。主成分分析表明,0~50 h萎凋叶的生化成分特征和香气轮廓呈规律变化,生化特征可分为0~16,23~28,32~50 h 3个阶段;香气轮廓分为0~9,16~23,26~32,50 h 4个阶段。16 h和23 h是茶叶萎凋过程中生化成分特征和香气轮廓变化的共有时间点。

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    The comparative analysis was performed for the biochemical components, and volatile of tea leaves from Danxia 8 treated at different withering time. The regularity of biochemical characteristics and aroma profile were expected to find out by statistical methods. The results showed that tea polyphenols increased significantly from 0 h to 23 h, and then decreased significantly. The content of free amino acids increased significantly from 0 h to 16 h, while theanine decreased remarkably. The contents of free amino acids and theanine decreased significantly in the next time. At the whole withering process, caffeine content increased significantly, but theobromine decreased remarkably. Chlorophyll a content had not a significant change. The contents of chlorophyll b and carotenoids decreased significantly from 5 h to 28 h, followed by significant increase. Terpenes were identified as the main volatile of withered leaves from 5 h to 32 h. Terpenols were the main volatile at the time of 0 h and 50 h. Based on principal component analysis, biochemical characteristics and aroma profiles of withered leaves showed a regularity. The biochemical characteristics could be divided into three stages, including 0~16, 23~28 and 32~50 h. The aroma profiles became into four stages, including 0~9, 16~23, 26~32 and 50 h. The time of 16 h and 23 h were the mutual demarcation for biochemical characteristics and aroma profile during the withering process.

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乔小燕,陈维,马成英,等.萎凋时间对丹霞8号主要生化成分和挥发性成分的影响[J].食品与机械,2020,(9):43-49.
QIAO Xiao-yan, CHEN Wei, MA Cheng-ying, et al. Effect of withering time on biochemical components and volatile of tea leaves from Danxia 8[J]. Food & Machinery,2020,(9):43-49.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-02-18
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