In this article, the recent research progress and therapeutic mechanism of marine-derivedactive substance against inflammatory bowel disease are reviewed.The multiple action targets of macromolecular active substances under the existing experimental model are proposed. And the possibility and potential mechanism of fatty acids, polysaccharides, biological peptides and other substances as adjuvant therapy of inflammatory bowel disease are discussed, which will hopefully provide a theoretical basis for the high value utilization of seafood and the development of supplements for inflammatory bowel disease.