夏季茶鲜叶加工花香型绿茶工艺技术研究
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(1. 湖南农业大学茶学教育部重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410128;2. 湖南农业大学国家植物功能成分利用工程技术研究中心,湖南 长沙 410128;3. 湖南省植物功能成分利用协同创新中心,湖南 长沙 410128)

作者简介:

贺麟,女,湖南农业大学在读硕士研究生。

通讯作者:

肖文军(1969—),男,湖南农业大学教授,博导。Email:xiaowenjun88@sina.com

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基金项目:

国家重点研发计划(编号:2017YFD0400803);湖南省科技重大专项(编号:2017NK1020)


Study on the processing of flower-scented green tea with fresh tea leaves in summer
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(1. Key Lab of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; 2. National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; 3. Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China)

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    摘要:

    以茶树品种碧香早的夏季一芽一叶茶鲜叶为原料,在传统绿茶加工工艺基础上,将“做青(晒青、晾青、摇青、静置)”工艺技术融入其摊放工序中,通过感官审评及滋味、香气品质成分分析,优化夏季茶鲜叶加工花香型绿茶的“做青”工艺技术。结果表明,采用晒青5 min、晾青0.5 h、晒青5 min,晾青0.5 h,10 r/min摇青10 转,静置1 h,15 r/min摇青60转为最佳“做青”工艺,加工出的夏季绿茶花香显露,滋味醇正,苦涩味降低,水浸出物、氨基酸、可溶性糖含量分别比传统工艺绿茶增加了1.29%,11.08%,10.50%,而茶多酚、儿茶素含量、酚氨比、酯型儿茶素/简单儿茶素则分别降低了6.05%,2.35%,15.38%,19.15%;同时新增了苯甲醇、柏木醇、α-合欢烯、柠檬醛等花香成分,且香草醇、橙花醇的相对含量高于传统工艺绿茶;说明在传统绿茶加工的摊放工序中融入“做青”工艺技术,可加工出具有花香品质的夏季绿茶。

    Abstract:

    In this study, fresh tea leaves with one bud and one leaf in summer of BiXiangZao were used as raw materials. The rotation (sun withering, cooling, rotating, spreading) were integrated into the spreading process on the basis of traditional green tea processing technology. Through sensory evaluation, analysis of flavor and aroma quality components, the technology of “rotation” for making flower-scented green tea with leaves in summer was optimized and screened. The results showed that the summer green tea processed by the “rotation” technology of sun withering for 5 min, spreading for 0.5 h, sun withering for 5 min, spreading for 0.5 h, rotating 10 r at rotation speed of 10 r/min, spreading for 1 h and rotating 60 r at rotation speed of 15 r/min had a pleasant floral fragrance, a mellow taste and a lower bitterness and astringency. Compared with green tea made from traditional technology, the contents of water extract, amino acid and soluble sugar increased by 1.29%, 11.08% and 10.50%, respectively. While the contents of tea polyphenols, catechins, phenol-ammonia ratio, and the ratio of ester catechin to simple catechin decreased by 6.05%, 2.35%, 15.38% and 19.15% separately. Besides, benzyl alcohol, cedar alcohol, alpha-leucocene, citral and other floral components were added, and the relative content of vanilla alcohol and orange alcohol was also higher than that of traditional green tea. Which indicating that the flower-scented summer green tea can be processed by integrating the technology of “rotation” scientifically into the spreading process of traditional green tea processing.

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引用本文

贺麟,李宗琼,张拓,等.夏季茶鲜叶加工花香型绿茶工艺技术研究[J].食品与机械,2019,(6):195-200.
HELin, LIZongqiong, ZHANGTuo, et al. Study on the processing of flower-scented green tea with fresh tea leaves in summer[J]. Food & Machinery,2019,(6):195-200.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-11-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-11-25
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