生鲜运输过程中鳙鱼头品质的变化
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(1. 江西师范大学国家淡水鱼加工技术研发专业中心,江西 南昌 330022;2. 江西省淡水鱼高值化利用工程技术研究中心,江西 南昌 330022)

作者简介:

谢雅雯,女,江西师范大学在读硕士研究生。

通讯作者:

叶云花(1968—),女,江西师范大学高级工程师,学士。E-mail:yeyunhua373@sohu.com

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现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(编号:CARS-45);江西省优势科技创新团队(编号:20171BCB24004)


Quality changes of the bighead carps head during the fresh logistics transportation
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(1. National Research and Development Center of Freshwater Fish Processing, College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China; 2. Engineering Research Center of Freshwater Fish High-value Utilization of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China)

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    摘要:

    以鳙鱼头的鱼脑、眼部肌肉、下颚肌肉及切口附近肌肉为评价部位,通过分析模拟运输过程中以上4个部位的pH值、挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)含量、2-硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)值、菌落总数及切口附近肌肉色泽和质构的变化,研究了生鲜物流运输过程中鳙鱼头品质的变化。结果表明,在72 h模拟运输过程中,鱼体温度在24 h内缓慢升高,24 h后升温幅度显著加快;随着时间的延长,4个部位的pH值逐渐下降,TBA值和TVB-N含量逐渐升高,菌落总数对数值总体呈线性增长,切口附近肌肉的硬度、白度和亮度下降,黄度不断上升。鱼脑pH值降低幅度最大,鱼脑和眼部肌肉的TVB-N含量在48 h后急剧增长,且其TBA值的增长幅度明显高于下颚和切口附近肌肉,切口附近肌肉的菌落总数增长幅度最大。模拟运输超过60 h后,鱼头汁液流失明显,感官品质显著下降,且散发出腥臭味。综上,在常规的生鲜物流运输过程中,鳙鱼头从包装派出到被消费的时间不宜超过60 h,否则会大大降低鳙鱼头的营养和感官品质。

    Abstract:

    Taking the fish brain, and muscles near the eye, chin and incision as evaluated samples, the changes in the quality of bighead carp’s head during fresh logistics transportation were investigated by analyzing the pH value, total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N), 2-thiobarbituric acid(TBA)value, and the total bacteria counts. The changes in the color and texture of muscle near the incision were also measured. The results demonstrated that during the 72 h simulated transportation, the temperature of bighead carp’s rose slowly within 24 h, followed by a fast increasing after 24 h of transportation. The pH value of above four parts decreased gradually, while the TBA value, TVB-N content, and total bacteria counts increased linearly with prolonged time. The hardness, whiteness and brightness of the muscles near the incision decreased, but the yellowness increased. However, fish brain showed the lowest pH value, the muscles near the incision gave the largest total bacteria counts. The TVB-N contents of fish brain and eye muscles raised fiercely after 48 h, and their TBA value’ growth faster than the muscles near the incision. When the simulated transportation time was over 60 h, some liquid omitted from the fish heads obviously, and the sensory quality reduced significantly, with some strongly fishy flavor occurring. It could be concluded that the time from the packaging to the consumption of bighead carp’s heads should not exceed 60 h, during the conventional fresh logistics transportation, otherwise the nutrition and sensory quality could be reduced greatly.

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引用本文

谢雅雯,叶云花,张露,等.生鲜运输过程中鳙鱼头品质的变化[J].食品与机械,2019,(6):129-134.
XIEYawen, YEYunhua, ZHANGLu, et al. Quality changes of the bighead carps head during the fresh logistics transportation[J]. Food & Machinery,2019,(6):129-134.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-02-01
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-11-25
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