Under the guidance of professionals, medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is very important for diabetes management by changing nutritional status or intake to improve health or treat diseases. The basic objectives are to promote and support healthy eating patterns, to achieve personalized nutritional needs according to cultural background, knowledge structure, eating habits and self-control, and to emphasize the humanization of food choices. Scientific restrictions on food choices and practical tools for providing daily dietary planning for diabetic patients. This paper mainly reviews the related knowledge of MNT and its application in diabetes mellitus according to the consensus report published in 2019 in diabetes care magazine aimed at providing evidence-based guidance on adult diabetes or prediabetic individualized nutritional treatment. According to the dietary structure and cultural background of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the dominant system of nutritional intervention (chinese medical nutrition therapy, CMNT) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was constructed, and its prospect in the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus was prospected.