The Japanese Food Safety Basic Law establishes a traceability quality assurance system for the whole process of food safety in terms of legislative content, and constructs a consistent food safety regulatory organization system and food safety standards. And the implementation of a severe punishment system for food safety-related illegal acts fully reflects the effectiveness and flexibility of food safety supervision, which is based on the effective protection of national health and pays attention to the effectiveness and flexibility of food safety supervision. And the legislative value of ensuring the matching of food safety responsibility with harmfulness and so on. In this regard, we can draw lessons from the legislative innovation and legislative value of the Japanese Food Safety Basic Law, and construct a unified food safety supervision mechanism from perfecting the mandatory quality certification provisions centered on the HACCP system. To improve Chinese Food Safety Law and Supervision system by strengthening punishment for food safety-related violations.