The discussion on food safety regulation has been limited to the protection of the rights and interests of the parties concerned and the legitimacy analysis of the food safety incidents itself. However, the mode of food safety supervision centered on legality has been difficult to bear the demands of modern administration, maintaining social order and promoting social welfare. Using cost benefit analysis, A-A 'and other economic analysis methods, reasonably set up the main body of food safety regulation, reasonably select the opportunity of food safety supervision, and rationally use the control tools of food safety, to promote the optimization of food safety supervision mode. In theory, it has enlightening significance for promoting the paradigm change of administrative law research. In practice, it is of great significance to change the concept of government governance, improve the level of government management, and realize the modernization of government governance ability.