A silane derivatization gas chromatography (GC-FPD) detection method was established to determine the residual amount of ethylene in vegetables and fruits. Samples from ultrasonic extraction by methanol, liquid-liquid extraction by ether, and concentrated blow drying，were compared the derivative effects of 2 kinds of silanylation reagents under different derivatization conditions.After that, they were determined by gas chromatograph with flame photometric detector (P filter), external scalar method. The optimum derivation was as follows.Adding 100 μL BSTFA and 50 μL acetonitrile to the dry extract , derivation 35 min in the oven at 65 ℃. The external has good linear relationship in the concentration ranged from 10 to 5 000 μg/L, and the correlation coefficient was above 0.999, with the detection limit of 1 μg/kg and the limits of quantification of 3 μg/kg. The recovery rate of ethephon in different substrates at 3 concentrations was 84.3%~95.1%, and the relative standard deviation was 1.31%～3.92%. The method was simple, strong anti-interference ability, sensitive and stable, and was suitable for the determination of ethephon residues in vegetables and fruits.