Antimicrobial peptides are widely present in the organism, which are gene-encoded, ribosomal synthesized polypeptides. Antimicrobial peptides have anti bacteria, fungi, viruses and other biological functions. They are the important part of non-specific immune function of organism. With the development of the research on the antimicrobial peptides, they are expected to be excellent substitutes for antibiotics, fungicides. This review briefly introduces the classification, mechanism and application in the control of fruits and vegetables diseases of antimicrobial peptides, and prospects the problems existing in the research and widely application.