Electronic nose technique is a kind of emerging technology in gas analysis and has been widely applied in agricultural products and food testing, due to the advantages of its rapid response in a short time. In this paper, a number of ANN algorithm were illuminated, and the applications of ANN-based electronic nose system in destructive testing of fruit, meal, tea, milk and wine etc. were reviewed. Finally, the shortcomings of electronic nose technique and ANN algorithm and the development trend of them were also discussed.