To study the anti-aging functions of safflower oil, mice model aged by D-galactose were administered safflower oil by oral gavage. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity levels of monoamine oxidase (MAO), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the brain and liver of these mice were determined with biochemical kits, respectively. The significance of the differences in the content of the components associated with aging and anti-aging among each group was analyzed statistically. The main results were as follows. The MDA content and the activity level of MAO in the brain and liver of mice in the groups administered safflower oil were significantly lower (P<0.05) or very significantly lower (P<0.01) than those of the aging model group. However, the activity levels of GSH-Px, total SOD (T-SOD), CuZn-SOD, and Mn-SOD in the brain and liver of the mice were very significantly higher than those of the aging model group. It was supposed that the anti-aging mechanism of Safflower seed oil might be it could inhibit the lipid peroxidation induced by free radicals and reduces lipid peroxide by scavenging free radicals. By improving body's metabolism, it promoted the decomposition and metabolism of D-galactose, and improved the material energy metabolism, and then regulated the expression of genes related to aging. Meanwhile, the expression of MAO gene was inhibited to reduce MAO content in liver and brain, which resulted in promoting the expression of the genes, including GSH-Px, CuZn-SOD, and Mn-SOD. This could increase the content of GSH-Ps, CuZn-SOD, and Mn-SOD both in liver and brain. We concluded that the safflower seed oil could significantly reduce content of MDA and MAO and increase that of GSH-Ps, CuZn-SOD, and Mn-SOD in liver and brain of aging mice models, performing the obvious anti-aging function.